The Role of Elements in Anxiety

Młyniec, Katarzyna; Gaweł, Magdalena; Doboszewska, Urszula; Starowicz, Gabriela; Nowak, Gabriel

doi:10.1016/bs.vh.2016.09.002

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…Kv3.1 currents, and thus neural fast-spiking properties, are suppressed by administration of the element zinc (Kaczmarek and Zhang, 2017). Interestingly, zinc has antidepressant and anxiolytic effects (Partyka et al, 2011;Młyniec et al, 2017) and can be therapeutic following chronic stress (Ding et al, 2016;Omar and Tash, 2017). Zinc deficiency, by contrast, has anxiogenic effects and decreased serum zinc concentrations are present in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (Islam et al, 2013;Młyniec et al, 2017).…”

Section: Antidepressants and Parvalbumin Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, zinc has antidepressant and anxiolytic effects (Partyka et al, 2011;Młyniec et al, 2017) and can be therapeutic following chronic stress (Ding et al, 2016;Omar and Tash, 2017). Zinc deficiency, by contrast, has anxiogenic effects and decreased serum zinc concentrations are present in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (Islam et al, 2013;Młyniec et al, 2017). These findings raise the possibility that zinc exerts its anti-anxiety benefits by reducing ion flow through Kv3.1 channels, thus suppressing PV cell fast-spiking activity to reduce inhibition in the PFC.…”

Section: Antidepressants and Parvalbumin Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings raise the possibility that zinc exerts its anti-anxiety benefits by reducing ion flow through Kv3.1 channels, thus suppressing PV cell fast-spiking activity to reduce inhibition in the PFC. This idea remains to be tested, though it has been proposed that zinc helps maintain or restore excitatory/inhibitory balance (Młyniec et al, 2017).…”

Section: Antidepressants and Parvalbumin Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prefrontal excitatory/inhibitory balance in stress and emotional disorders: Evidence for over-inhibition

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Coutellier

2019

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

146

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Chronic stress-related emotional disorders like anxiety and depression involve imbalances between the excitatory glutamatergic system and the inhibitory γaminobutyric acid (GABA) system in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, the precise nature and trajectory of excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) imbalances in these conditions is not clear, with the literature reporting glutamatergic and GABAergic findings that are at times contradictory and inconclusive. In this dissertation, I propose and discuss the hypothesis that chronic stress-induced anxiety involves hypoactivity of the PFC due to increased inhibition, mediated in part through increased activity of prefrontal parvalbumin (PV)-expressing inhibitory interneurons. Differing sensitivity of the prefrontal GABAergic system and PV neurons to chronic stress may also underlie sex differences in the prevalence of anxiety disorders, with women presenting with anxiety at higher rates than men. I first present evidence that chronic stress increases the activity of prefrontal PV neurons, and that increased activity of this cell population induces hypoactivity of the PFC. Furthermore, increasing prefrontal PV cell activity using DREADDs (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) induces anxietylike behaviors specifically in females (Chapter 2). However, acute inhibition of prefrontal PV cells using DREADDs is insufficient to rescue stress-induced anxiety-like behavior, though it does modulate activity and synaptic plasticity in the PFC in a sex

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Section: Antidepressants and Parvalbumin Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antidepressants and Parvalbumin Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antidepressants and Parvalbumin Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prefrontal excitatory/inhibitory balance in stress and emotional disorders: Evidence for over-inhibition

Page

Coutellier

2019

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

146

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“…Specifically, for psychiatric illnesses, multiple studies have been performed in which magnesium serum levels were assessed in cohorts of patients with depression [ 19 ], SCZ [ 20 ], addiction disorders [ 21 ], AD [ 22 ] and ADHD [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role and the Effect of Magnesium in Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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Introduction: Magnesium is an essential cation involved in many functions within the central nervous system, including transmission and intracellular signal transduction. Several studies have shown its usefulness in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Furthermore, it seems that magnesium levels are lowered in the course of several mental disorders, especially depression. Objectives: In this study, we wish to evaluate the presence of a relationship between the levels of magnesium and the presence of psychiatric pathology as well as the effectiveness of magnesium as a therapeutic supplementation. Methods: A systematic search of scientific records concerning magnesium in psychiatric disorders published from 2010 up to March 2020 was performed. We collected a total of 32 articles: 18 on Depressive Disorders (DD), four on Anxiety Disorders (AD), four on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), three on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), one on Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder (OCD), one on Schizophrenia (SCZ) and one on Eating Disorders (ED). Results: Twelve studies highlighted mainly positive results in depressive symptoms. Seven showed a significant correlation between reduced plasma magnesium values and depression measured with psychometric scales. Two papers reported improved depressive symptoms after magnesium intake, two in association with antidepressants, compared to controls. No significant association between magnesium serum levels and panic or Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) patients, in two distinct papers, was found. In two other papers, a reduced Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) score in depressed patients correlated with higher levels of magnesium and beneficial levels of magnesium in stressed patients was found. Two papers reported low levels of magnesium in association with ADHD. Only one of three papers showed lower levels of magnesium in ASD. ED and SCZ reported a variation in magnesium levels in some aspects of the disease. Conclusion: The results are not univocal, both in terms of the plasma levels and of therapeutic effects. However, from the available evidence, it emerged that supplementation with magnesium could be beneficial. Therefore, it is necessary to design ad hoc clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of magnesium alone or together with other drugs (antidepressants) in order to establish the correct use of this cation with potential therapeutic effects.

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“…We select these metals as 1) each is common in the environment due to anthropogenic activities such as mining, and smelting operations and industrial uses and they are often found together as a correlated mixture (Mehra and Thakur 2016), 2) experimental and epidemiological evidence links early life exposure to each metal individually with adverse neurobehavioral outcomes, specifically with internalizing symptoms including anxiety and depression. Much of the experimental and epidemiologic studies demonstrating associations between occupational exposure to these metals and higher rates of anxiety and depression focus on adults (Betharia and Maher 2012; Bouchard et al 2009; Islam et al 2013; Jung et al 2016; Kim et al 2015; Mlyniec et al 2017; Shiue 2015). Less is understood of the role of early life metal uptake in the development of childhood anxiety and depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%