The Role of PET in Supratentorial and Infratentorial Pediatric Brain Tumors

Cistaro, Angelina; Albano, Domenico; Alongi, Pierpaolo; Laudicella, Riccardo; Pizzuto, Daniele Antonio; Formica, Giuseppe; Romagnolo, Cinzia; Stracuzzi, Federica; Frantellizzi, Viviana; Piccardo, Arnoldo; Quartuccio, Natale

doi:10.3390/curroncol28040226

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…FDG is the predominant PET radiotracer for pediatric brain tumors. FDG continues to provide critical information aiding in diagnosis, staging, grading, prognosis, evaluating recurrence, treatment planning, and assessing the treatment response of pediatric brain tumors [ 171 , 172 ]. However, FDG PET is limited by high uptake in the cerebral gray matter of the normal brain, leading to a low ratio of tumor to normal tissue uptake [ 173 ].…”

Section: Positron Emission Tomography (Pet) Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Neuroimaging Approaches to Pediatric Brain Tumors

Nikam¹,

Yue²,

Kaur³

et al. 2022

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Central nervous system tumors are the most common pediatric solid tumors; they are also the most lethal. Unlike adults, childhood brain tumors are mostly primary in origin and differ in type, location and molecular signature. Tumor characteristics (incidence, location, and type) vary with age. Children present with a variety of symptoms, making early accurate diagnosis challenging. Neuroimaging is key in the initial diagnosis and monitoring of pediatric brain tumors. Conventional anatomic imaging approaches (computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) are useful for tumor detection but have limited utility differentiating tumor types and grades. Advanced MRI techniques (diffusion-weighed imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, functional MRI, arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging, MR spectroscopy, and MR elastography) provide additional and improved structural and functional information. Combined with positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission CT (SPECT), advanced techniques provide functional information on tumor metabolism and physiology through the use of radiotracer probes. Radiomics and radiogenomics offer promising insight into the prediction of tumor subtype, post-treatment response to treatment, and prognostication. In this paper, a brief review of pediatric brain cancers, by type, is provided with a comprehensive description of advanced imaging techniques including clinical applications that are currently utilized for the assessment and evaluation of pediatric brain tumors.

show abstract

Section: Positron Emission Tomography (Pet) Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Neuroimaging Approaches to Pediatric Brain Tumors

Nikam¹,

Yue²,

Kaur³

et al. 2022

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…PET is being used for early diagnosis, dynamic therapeutic monitoring, and its ability to rationalize therapy selection. Over the last 10 years, PET imaging, mainly with 18 F-FDG, provided essential information on pediatric brain tumors, impacting patient care [ 28 ]. However, 18 F-FDG uptake failed to correlate with DIPG outcome [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TSPO PET Imaging as a Potent Non-Invasive Biomarker for Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma in a Patient-Derived Orthotopic Rat Model

Chevaleyre

Kereselidze

Caillé

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG), the first cause of cerebral pediatric cancer death, will greatly benefit from specific and non-invasive biomarkers for patient follow-up and monitoring of drug efficacy. Since biopsies are challenging for brain tumors, molecular imaging may be a technique of choice to target and follow tumor evolution. So far, MR remains the imaging technique of reference for DIPG, although it often fails to define the extent of tumors, an essential parameter for therapeutic efficacy assessment. Thanks to its high sensitivity, positron emission tomography (PET) offers a unique way to target specific biomarkers in vivo. We demonstrated in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) model in the rat that the translocator protein of 18 kDa (TSPO) may be a promising biomarker for monitoring DIPG tumors. We studied the distribution of 18F-DPA-714, a TSPO radioligand, in rats inoculated with HSJD-DIPG-007 cells. The primary DIPG human cell line HSJD-DIPG-007 highly represents this pediatric tumor, displaying the most prevalent DIPG mutations, H3F3A (K27M) and ACVR1 (R206H). Kinetic modeling and parametric imaging using the brain 18F-DPA-714 PET data enabled specific delineation of the DIPG tumor area, which is crucial for radiotherapy dose management.

show abstract

“…When a wide metastatic relapse is suspected, a whole-body Short Tau Inversion Recovery (STIR) MRI sequence is recommended as a screening sequence to detect non-CNS sites of disease. In individual cases, imaging with 8F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) has also been shown to be helpful in the detection and follow-up of bone and bone marrow metastases [ 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Clinical Diagnostic Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relapsed Medulloblastoma in Pre-Irradiated Patients: Current Practice for Diagnostics and Treatment

Hill

Plasschaert

Timmermann

et al. 2021

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Relapsed medulloblastoma (rMB) accounts for a considerable, and disproportionate amount of childhood cancer deaths. Recent advances have gone someway to characterising disease biology at relapse including second malignancies that often cannot be distinguished from relapse on imaging alone. Furthermore, there are now multiple international early-phase trials exploring drug–target matches across a range of high-risk/relapsed paediatric tumours. Despite these advances, treatment at relapse in pre-irradiated patients is typically non-curative and focuses on providing life-prolonging and symptom-modifying care that is tailored to the needs and wishes of the individual and their family. Here, we describe the current understanding of prognostic factors at disease relapse such as principal molecular group, adverse molecular biology, and timing of relapse. We provide an overview of the clinical diagnostic process including signs and symptoms, staging investigations, and molecular pathology, followed by a summary of treatment modalities and considerations. Finally, we summarise future directions to progress understanding of treatment resistance and the biological mechanisms underpinning early therapy-refractory and relapsed disease. These initiatives include development of comprehensive and collaborative molecular profiling approaches at relapse, liquid biopsies such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as a biomarker of minimal residual disease (MRD), modelling strategies, and the use of primary tumour material for real-time drug screening approaches.

show abstract

The Role of PET in Supratentorial and Infratentorial Pediatric Brain Tumors

Cited by 15 publications

References 45 publications

Advanced Neuroimaging Approaches to Pediatric Brain Tumors

Advanced Neuroimaging Approaches to Pediatric Brain Tumors

TSPO PET Imaging as a Potent Non-Invasive Biomarker for Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma in a Patient-Derived Orthotopic Rat Model

Relapsed Medulloblastoma in Pre-Irradiated Patients: Current Practice for Diagnostics and Treatment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About