The Role of Second Phase Intermetallic Particles on the Spall Failure of 5083 Aluminum

Abstract

5083 aluminum alloy is a light-weight and strain-hardened material used in high strain-rate applications such as those experienced under shock loading. Symmetric real-time (in situ) and end-state (ex situ recovery) plate impact shock experiments were conducted to study the spall response and the effects of microstructure on the spall properties of both 5083-H321 and 5083-ECAE ? 30 % cold-rolled (CR) aluminum alloys shock loaded to approximately 1.46 GPa (*0.2 km/s) and 2.96 GPa (*0.4 km/s). The results show that mechanically processing the 5083-H321 aluminum by Equal Channel Angular Extrusion (ECAE), followed by subsequent CR significantly increases the Hugoniot Elastic Limit (HEL) by 78 %. However, this significant increase in HEL was at the expense of spall strength. The spall strength of the 5083-ECAE ? 30 % CR aluminum dropped by 37 and 23 % when compared to their 5083-H321 aluminum counterpart at shock stresses of approximately 1.46 and 2.96 GPa respectively. This reduction in spall strength is attributed to the cracking and re-alignment of the manganese (Mn)-iron (Fe) rich second phase intermetallic particles during mechanical processing (i.e., ECAE and subsequent CR), which are consequently favorable to spallation.

Use of effective multiscale cohesive models in the simulation of spall in metal plates

“…3 then go on to prove that the lower bound thus obtained can indeed be attained when the incompressibility constraint is in force. We note that the energy (14) of the slab at equilibrium scales with the in-plane area L 2 and is independent of the thickness 2H of the slab. This type of energy scaling is characteristic of fracture processes, in which the deformation concentrates around a fracture plane and the energy scales with the area of the crack.…”

“…When spall occurs, the material separates and recompression waves originate at the spall plane. [13][14][15] Typically, the particle-velocity history of the free-standing back surface of the target plate is measured to great accuracy by velocimetry. 13,14,16 Those measurements determine whether spall occurs and, if so, they result in an estimate of the spall stress.…”

“…[13][14][15] Typically, the particle-velocity history of the free-standing back surface of the target plate is measured to great accuracy by velocimetry. 13,14,16 Those measurements determine whether spall occurs and, if so, they result in an estimate of the spall stress. Specifically, the characteristic drop in free-surface velocity that occurs following spallation is called the pullback signal and is a prime observable of the test.…”

Effect of melt treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of an AA3003 aluminum alloy

“…This is not only related to the grain size of the hot deformation but also to the strengthening mechanism of the second phase in the alloy. There are two main types of the strengthening mechanism for the second phase: 22,23 1) When slip dislocations pass through deformable particles with the shear-through mechanism, the increase in the intensity (s PC ), the volume fraction (f) and the particle size (d) of the second phase satisfy the following relationship:…”

Celebrating 75 Years of the Society for Experimental Mechanics and the Study of Dynamic Behavior of Materials

“…The journal is highly international, publishing experimental and theoretical studies of metals [57], polymers [58], glasses [59], composites [60], granular materials [61], explosives [62], biological materials [63], geological materials [64], phase transitions [65], and structural response [66]. The journal includes application and development of techniques including split Hopkinson pressure bar/Kolsky bar [67], plate impact with light gas guns and powder guns [68], Taylor Anvil [69], Dynamic-TensileExtrusion [70], spectroscopy-and pyrometry-based shock temperature measurements [71], optical and X-ray imaging methods [72], interferometry and velocimetry techniques [73], dynamic fracture [74], laser based dynamic drivers [75], penetration and ballistics [76], equation of state [77], and spall failure [78].…”