The Roles of CircRNAs in Bladder Cancer: Biomarkers, Tumorigenesis Drivers, and Therapeutic Targets

Bladder cancer (BC) is the 10th most frequent cancer in the world. The initial diagnosis and surveillance of BC require a combination of invasive and non-invasive methods, which are costly and suffer from several limitations. Cystoscopy with urine cytology and histological examination presents the standard diagnostic approach. Various biomarkers (e.g., proteins, genes, and RNAs) have been extensively studied in relation to BC. However, the new trend of liquid biopsy slowly proves to be almost equally effective. Cell-free DNA, non-coding RNA, and other subcellular structures are now being tested for the best predictive and diagnostic value. In this review, we focused on published gene mutations, especially in DNA fragments, but also epigenetic modifications, and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules acquired by liquid biopsy. We performed an online search in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using the terms “bladder cancer”, in combination with “markers” or “biomarkers” published until August 2022. If applicable, we set the sensitivity and specificity threshold to 80%. In the era of precision medicine, the development of complex laboratory techniques fuels the search and development of more sensitive and specific biomarkers for diagnosis, follow-up, and screening of BC. Future efforts will be focused on the validation of their sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, and their utility in everyday clinical practice.

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“…Using a circRNA microarray expressed in BC and found 469 circRNA. We provide in the table some examples of expressed circRNA in BC [ 125 ].…”

Section: Non-coding Rnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of Bladder Cancer: Cell-Free DNA, Epigenetic Modifications and Non-Coding RNAs

Harsanyi

Nováková

Bevizova

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Therefore, identifying novel therapeutic molecules is of great clinical importance for better management of bladder cancer. Recent investigation on the mechanism of action of lncRNAs indicates that some lncRNAs induce bladder cancer and metastasis by directly targeting certain tumor-suppressive miRNAs like miR-370-3p, miR-217, miR-214-3p, and miR-139-5p (Cheng et al, 2021[ 4 ]; Zhang et al, 2021[ 74 ]). Consistently, Zhang et al discovered that lncRNA breast cancer anti-estrogen receptor 4 (BCAR4) was upregulated and associated with the more aggressive phenotype of bladder cancer.…”

Section: The Interplay Between Ncrnas and Wnt/β-catenin Signaling In ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The interplay between non-coding RNAs and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in urinary tract cancers: from tumorigenesis to metastasis

Rahmani

Safavi

Fathollahpour

et al. 2022

EXCLI Journal; 21:Doc1273; ISSN 1611-2156

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Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are emerging as important regulators in various pathological conditions including tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance in human cancers. Oncogenic or tumor suppressor ncRNAs exert prominent effects on cell proliferation, migration and invasion in cancer cells through modulating various signaling pathways including Wnt/β-catenin. Upregulation of the oncogenic Wnt/β-catenin pathway was reported to be implicated in multiple human cancers including breast, liver, colorectal, and urothelial cancers. Therefore, identifying interactions between ncRNAs and canonical Wnt signaling components may represent novel therapeutic targets for better treatment and management of cancer. In this review, we summarized the recent findings about miRNA/lncRNA-dependent mechanisms that regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis of urinary tract cancers.

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“…Cheng et al, in their review, summarised the following prognostic factors in bladder cancer: circLPAR1, circASXL1, circRIP2, circPICALM, circ_403658, circHIPK3, hsa_circ_0077837, and circEHBP1 [ 66 ].…”

Section: Circular Rna—a Potential Biomarker In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNA—Is the Circle Perfect?

et al. 2021

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Circular RNA (circRNA) is a distinct class of non-coding RNA produced, in principle, using a back-splicing mechanism, conserved during evolution, with increased stability and a tissue-dependent expression. Circular RNA represents a functional molecule with roles in the regulation of transcription and splicing, microRNA sponge, and the modulation of protein–protein interaction. CircRNAs are involved in essential processes of life such as apoptosis, cell cycle, and proliferation. Due to the regulatory role (upregulation/downregulation) in pathogenic mechanisms of some diseases (including cancer), its potential roles as a biomarker or therapeutic target in these diseases were studied. This review focuses on the importance of circular RNA in cancer.

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The Roles of CircRNAs in Bladder Cancer: Biomarkers, Tumorigenesis Drivers, and Therapeutic Targets

Cited by 12 publications

References 126 publications

Biomarkers of Bladder Cancer: Cell-Free DNA, Epigenetic Modifications and Non-Coding RNAs

Biomarkers of Bladder Cancer: Cell-Free DNA, Epigenetic Modifications and Non-Coding RNAs

The interplay between non-coding RNAs and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in urinary tract cancers: from tumorigenesis to metastasis

Circular RNA—Is the Circle Perfect?

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