The Rules of Sociological Method

Durkheim, Émile; Lukes, Steven

doi:10.1007/978-1-349-16939-9

Cited by 2,941 publications

(1,452 citation statements)

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“…But process refers to culture's emergent or continuous re-production of itself (Garfinkel, 1967). Durkheim's (1938) necessity of cultural reproduction -conformity (or improvement) through change -was morphological, not evolutionary (Jenks 1993) and fits with Levi Strauss' (1964) metaphor of lived culture as a geological topography. This cultural topography-in-change is explained by Bourdieu (1971) as "Habitus and Field" where "Field" is a set of social relationships.…”

Section: Definition Of Culturesupporting

confidence: 63%

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Commodification of Jeju Island’s Cultural Image: Standing Stones

Hunter

2004

International Journal of Tourism Sciences

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These ancient standing stones, known in Jeju as Dolhareubang (Stone Grandfather) are mysterious relics that have contributed strongly to this island's cultural identity. Five hundred years ago only six existed, standing guard at castle gates. Now reproductions and products such as replicas, souvenirs and two-dimensional images co-exist with the originals in this symbolic cultural environment. This study, guided by a theoretical analysis of culture and commodification, seeks to understand the cultural meanings of the stones themselves as well as a broader understanding of how visitors and residents alike perceive Jeju culture via the Dolhareubang image. Insight is gained into how this cultural image has been reproduced and commodified. A deeper understanding of the role these standing stones play in the development of Jeju's destination identity and their valued in tourism has also been gained.A Multimethod Approach The strong theoretical base that supports this paper is furthered by the employment of a multimethod approach. Visual research methods delve into the pre-verbal yet highly symbolic realm of the consciousness in order to gain an understanding of how visitors as well as residents actually perceive the Dolhareubang. Correspondence analysis methods, on the other hand, provide a means to understand how those perceptions of this cultural image vary across demographic segments. In combination, these methods lead to a more total understanding of the impact of commodification on Jeju's cultural image.Findings It was found that respondents perceive the Dolhareubang both as a thing in itself as well as a combination of notions. This cultural image is not a single thing, but rather a confusion of literal and symbolic perceptions that reflect the way the Standing Stones' have been commodified over time. Theoretical and empirical analyses have revealed implications for tourism that stress the need for a more careful exploitation of cultural resources and a more systematic approach to developing the destination image.

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Section: Definition Of Culturesupporting

confidence: 63%

“…His method is called "thick description." Durkheim (1938) compared structure with process. The standard normative expectations held collectively -while not fixedprovide the weight of social consensus that defines a social group.…”

Section: Definition Of Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Commodification of Jeju Island’s Cultural Image: Standing Stones

Hunter

2004

International Journal of Tourism Sciences

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“…also Durkheim 1982, of whom the later Davies was a critic, while his earlier work was and to some degree all his work remained staunchly Durkheimian). Thus, as Davies reminds us insistently in practically all of his contributions to humour research, research statements, like jokes, are more fully understood in the context of other social facts.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

True German and phony English laughter: Schmidt-Hidding was still Schmidt

Hempelmann

2017

EJHR

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“…Landman (2003) suggested that making comparisons is the essence of human nature. For Durkheim (1938), "comparative sociology is not a particular branch of sociology: it is sociology" (p. 139). It is, perhaps, for this reason that Øyen (2004) suggests that all "social science is based on comparisons, whether it is comparisons between different groups, different social phenomena or different process" (p. 278).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%