The Septo-Preoptico-Hypothalamic System and its Autonomic Function

Ban, Tadanobu

doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62970-2

Cited by 61 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It has long been knowni that bilateral lesionis of the ventromedial hypothalanmus result in obesity (4,5,36,37). Ou)r uncderstancdin g of the organiizationi of'the v7entromedial hypothalamus has been extendedl by the anatoniict oi)servations of Ban (6,7) antd by the stutdies with electrical stimiiulation published by Frohimiani andl Bernardis (38) and by Shiniazu and his colleaguies (39)(40)(41). Ban (6,7) hias shown that the VMH nucleus is lart of the anatomilic orgainizationi of the synipathetic nteuiral output fromil the hypothalamus.…”

Section: Differences In the Initial Concentrations Of Glycerolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The region of the hypothalamus whose injury produces this syndrome sits astride the fibers of the sympathetic nervous system (6)(7)(8) and, thus, suggests the possibility that it may modulate the function of the adrenergic nervous system. Diminished activity of the sympathetic nervous system might be involved in the hyperinsulinemia characteristic of this syndrome in both animals and man (4,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ventromedial Hypothalamic Lesions and the Mobilization of Fatty Acids

Nishizawà¹,

Bray²

1978

J. Clin. Invest.

129

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A B S T R A C T We have explored the effects of ventromedial hypothalamic lesions on the mobilization of free fatty acids in rats exposed to several stresses. The rise in free fatty acids and glycerol in response to norepinephrine had the same time-course and doseresponse characteristics in the sham-operated and lesioned animals, indicating comparable degrees of peripheral responsiveness to this hormone. Forced swimming significantly lowered insulin and increased glycerol and free fatty acids more in control than in ventromedial hypothalamic-lesioned rats. During fasting, the rise in glycerol and free fatty acids was smaller in the lesioned rats, but the fall in insulin was greater. Exposure to cold raised fatty acids and glycerol more in the control than in the sham-operated animals, but had no significant effect on plasma insulin or glucose concentration. Injection of2-deoxyglucose was done on lesioned or control rats with intact or removed adrenal medullas. The rise in free fatty acids and glycerol was less in the lesioned rats than in the controls, and was not affected by adrenodemedullation. The rise in glucose, however, was completely blocked in the adrenodemedullated rats. Changes in insulin were small and not statistically significant. The reduced mobilization of fatty acids from adipose tissue depots after ventromedial hypothalamic injury is consistent with the hypothesis that the ventromedial hypothalamic region serves to modulate activation of the sympathetic nervous system.

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Section: Differences In the Initial Concentrations Of Glycerolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ventromedial Hypothalamic Lesions and the Mobilization of Fatty Acids

Nishizawà¹,

Bray²

1978

J. Clin. Invest.

129

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“…Teleologically, this concept should be applicable to metabolic homeostasis (1). Over the last few decades, data has accumulated to Dr. Burr is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of acetylcholine and epinephrine on the dynamics of insulin release in vitro.

Burr¹,

Slonim²,

Sharp³

1976

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T An in vitro system for perifusion of rat pancreatic islets has been utilized to define the effects of epinephrine on acetylcholine-induced insulin release over varying concentrations of the two agents. Perifusion of islets with epinephrine before challenge with acetylcholine produced marked enhancement of both phases of cholinergically induced insulin release; enhancement of the first phase being more marked with increase in acetylcholine concentration and the converse being observed with the second phase. Perifusion of islets with epinephrine during stimulation with acetylcholine produced inhibition of insulin release, an effect dependent upon the concentration of epinephrine and of acetylcholine. There was an order of difference in the acetylcholine concentration needed to overcome significant epinephrine-mediated inhibition of the first phase of insulin release (5 X 10' Ag/ml) and that needed to overcome inhibition of the second phase (5 X 10-' g/ ml). Comparison of the effects of various concentrations of epinephrine on glucose-and acetyl-choline-induced insulin release revealed that epinephrine was a less potent inhibitor of the first phase of acetylcholine-induced insulin release than of the first phase of glucose-induced insulin release. These data provide some insight into the potential interactions between cholinergic and adrenergic autonomic systems in modifying insulin release.

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“…pretreatment with atropine which acted without appearing in the peripheral circulation. Therefore CRF would affect the muscarinic cholinergic system near the ventricular structure to release PP (Ban 1966), as demonstrated for CCK in this species (Inui et al 1988). The dose of atropine used in this study is well within the range (1-100 µg) in which atropine administered locally to the brain or i.c.v.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Effects of corticotropin-releasing factor on feeding and pancreatic polypeptide response in the dog

Okita

Inui²,

Inoue³

et al. 1998

Journal of Endocrinology

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We have previously reported that corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a potent stimulator of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol secretion in the dog. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the extrahypophysiotropic actions of CRF in this species. When CRF was injected into the third cerebral ventricle, it failed to inhibit food intake significantly at doses of 1·19, 3·57 and 11·9 nmol. This is in sharp contrast with the results in rodents. At the 3·57 and 11·9 nmol doses, CRF markedly stimulated the secretion of pancreatic polypeptide (PP), a hormone under vagal control, and at the highest dose CRF increased plasma glucose levels. These results suggest species differences in the feeding response to CRF and activation of the parasympathetic nervous system in the dog.

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The Septo-Preoptico-Hypothalamic System and its Autonomic Function

Cited by 61 publications

References 13 publications

Ventromedial Hypothalamic Lesions and the Mobilization of Fatty Acids

Ventromedial Hypothalamic Lesions and the Mobilization of Fatty Acids

Interactions of acetylcholine and epinephrine on the dynamics of insulin release in vitro.

Effects of corticotropin-releasing factor on feeding and pancreatic polypeptide response in the dog

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