The so-called rule of abstinence revisited

Killingmo, Bjørn

doi:10.1080/01062301.1997.10592567

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Consistent with Freud’s (1912/1919; Killingmo, 1997) abstinence recommendations, an inaction goal at the time of a change intervention may facilitate change. Furthermore, inaction goals within the specific behavioral domain may also come into play and exert similar effects on change.…”

Section: Future Directions For Research On Attitudes Behaviors and mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…If such a possibility were confirmed, there would be implications for how change is attempted. For example, Freud (1912, 1919; but see Killingmo, 1997) required clients to abstain from making significant life decisions while undergoing analysis (i.e., a fairly general inaction goal), presumably to reduce detrimental practical effects of illusory perceptions or defense mechanisms arising from the analytic process.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The time for doing is not the time for change: Effects of general action and inaction goals on attitude retrieval and attitude change.

Handley

2011

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Implicit in many informal and formal principles of psychological change is the understudied assumption that change requires either an active approach or an inactive approach. This issue was systematically investigated by comparing the effects of general action goals and general inaction goals on attitude change. As prior attitudes facilitate preparation for an upcoming persuasive message, general action goals were hypothesized to facilitate conscious retrieval of prior attitudes and therefore hinder attitude change to a greater extent than general inaction goals. Experiment 1 demonstrated that action primes (e.g., “go,” “energy”) yielded faster attitude report than inaction primes (e.g., “rest,” “still”) among participants who were forewarned of an upcoming persuasive message. Experiment 2 showed that the faster attitude report identified in Experiment 1 was localized on attitudes towards a message topic participants were prepared to receive. Experiments 3, 4, and 5 showed that, compared to inaction primes, action primes produced less attitude change and less argument scrutiny in response to a counterattitudinal message on a previously forewarned topic. Experiment 6 confirmed that the effects of the primes on attitude change were due to differential attitude retrieval. That is, when attitude expression was induced immediately after the primes, action and inaction goals produced similar amounts of attitude change. In contrast, when no attitude expression was induced after the prime, action goals produced less attitude change than inaction goals. Finally, Experiment 7 validated the assumption that these goal effects can be reduced or reversed when the goals have already been satisfied by an intervening task.

show abstract

Section: Future Directions For Research On Attitudes Behaviors and mentioning

confidence: 85%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The time for doing is not the time for change: Effects of general action and inaction goals on attitude retrieval and attitude change.

Handley

2011

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thinking of patients’ target state of consciousness mainly in terms of frustration may take analysts’ attention away from these other important aspects they are trying to foster, and thus can mislead them into a level of emotional constraint, in pursuit of an abstinent stance, that may be counterproductive (cf. Fox, 1984; Killingmo, 1997). As discussed earlier, I prefer the more flexible term restraint to describe the analyst’s recommended stance.…”

Section: Play As a Model For The Analytic State Of Consciousness: Impmentioning

confidence: 99%

The analytic state of consciousness as a form of play and a foundational transference

Frankel

2011

The International Journal of Psychoanalysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The analytic state of consciousness is a particular regressive altered state in the patient characterized by an increased sensitivity and reactivity to impressions arising from both the inner world and the analyst, a heightened sense of dependence and vulnerability, a permeability of boundaries in regard to the analyst, and a shift toward functioning on the basis of omnipotent fantasy in the analytic relationship. These changes are accompanied by a feeling of realness of one's psychic reality, but without any true loss of reality testing. Based on an analysis of the structure of play, this state can itself be understood as a kind of play; it serves as a foundational transference underlying more specific transference manifestations; and it is central to the analytic process. Over time, in response to physical aspects of the analytic setting, its safety, the analyst's emotional accompaniment, and a generally restrained analytic stance (an issue I discuss in some detail), it emerges in a more developed form that promotes symbolization and ownership of aspects of self, greater emotional presence, and a deeper sense of meaning in one's experience. Additionally, the concept of the analytic state of consciousness provides a new look at the role of abstinence and frustration in analytic process.

show abstract

“…We focus on what psychological functions religious beliefs and practices serve for the patient when they occur inside or outside therapy (Stålsett et al, 2010, p. 53). We advocate the classical therapeutic virtue of "abstinence" (see Killingmo, 1997), which here means that the therapist does not convey his own belief, or pray, or give in to the urge to influence the patient in a particular spiritual direction. Our basic position is to foster a "a culture of inquiry" (Stålsett et al, 2010, p. 55) in which it is crucial to facilitate the patient's own investigation into the ambiguities, conflicts, burdens, and resources of his/her religious experiences.…”

Section: Religious Experience In Psychotherapy: Possibilities and Limmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jones suggests that the empathic/affirming approaches in combination with "a vigorous interpretative stance" are of equal importance for the successful outcome for this patient. In response to this statement, we add that the interpretative analytic interventions were of special importance (as Jones also pointed out) "to unveil resistances, and to explore fantasies in terms of which the patient has reinterpreted reality" (Killingmo, 1997). An example is Olav`s repetitive clinging relationships to women as pain-avoiding behavior (Stålsett et al,p.…”

Section: Religious Experience In Psychotherapy: Possibilities and Limmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflections on Olav's Therapy: The Roles of Religious Experience, Self Psychology, and Mentalization

Stålsett

Engedal

Austad

2010

PCSP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Commentaries on the case study of Olav (Stålsett, Engedal & Austad, 2010) by Richards (2010), Jones (2010, and Malitzky (2010) identify and discuss a number of key issues associated with the case study, including the study's scientific value, the importance of religious experience in relation to psychopathology and psychotherapy, and the roles of selfpsychology, attachment, and mentalization in the therapy change process. In our response to the commentaries, we address these issues. We conclude that all of the perspectives reviewed help to explain the factors that contributed to Olav's success in our VITA treatment program. This multi-perspectival approach was supported by one of the core principles of VITA: the creation of a "culture of inquiry," which specifically helped Olav to experience and regulate his intense negative affects and to understand and integrate his dialectically opposed visions of God and spirituality from a variety of points of view and within a diversity of therapeutic activities.

show abstract

The so-called rule of abstinence revisited

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

The time for doing is not the time for change: Effects of general action and inaction goals on attitude retrieval and attitude change.

The time for doing is not the time for change: Effects of general action and inaction goals on attitude retrieval and attitude change.

The analytic state of consciousness as a form of play and a foundational transference

Reflections on Olav's Therapy: The Roles of Religious Experience, Self Psychology, and Mentalization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About