The “sociotype” construct: Gauging the structure and dynamics of human sociality

Marijuán, Pedro C.; Montero-Marín, Jesús; Navarro, Jorge; Garcı́a-Campayo, Javier; Moral, Raquel del

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0189568

Cited by 16 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The term was apparently first used by Bogardus ( 19 ) to represent the effects of society on behavior in a very general way; however, it was not developed further. Recently, del Moral et al have also applied the concept of “Sociotype” in mental health and quality of life ( 20 ). The current usage positions the sociotype to understand the determinants of an individual's behavior and ability to adapt/cope to life situations generally in health and disease, and more specifically to FINS.…”

Section: The Conceptual Framework Of the Sociotype And Its Applicatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping With Food Insecurity Using the Sociotype Ecological Framework

Peng

Dernini²,

Berry

2018

Front. Nutr.

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Ensuring Food Security (FS) for all citizens is a fundamental human right and policy for all countries. Dealing with Food Insecurity (FINS) is a challenge causing stress at many levels—national, household, and individual. The conceptual framework of the Sociotype has been developed as a summary ecological construct to organize the multiple, dynamic, reciprocal inputs from the environment that interact with the genotype to determine the expression of phenotypic behaviors such as coping with stress. The Sociotype ecological framework has three domains—Individual (intra-personal), Relationships (inter-personal, family and community), and Context (environment, national)—and their interactions determine an individual's resilience across the life trajectory from birth to old age. We have applied the principles of the Sociotype to classify both the stresses of, and the coping strategies to, FINS. The stresses of FINS may occur at any place along the FS pathway—Availability, Accessibility, Utilization, and Stability. The elicited coping responses may take place in one or more of the three Sociotype domains. The two processes are inter-related linearly with re-iterative feedback loops such that stress leads to coping responses that may or may not be adequate, thereby requiring modifications in the coping strategies until FS is regained. Resilience is considered to represent long-term coping strategies. The Sociotype framework is both a determinant of, and constant input to, building and strengthening resilience. However, the people with the most problems with FINS are rarely included in these discussions. They are the marginalized members of society: unemployed, homeless, displaced persons, special needs, elderly, single parents, mentally frail, and more. Applying the Sociotype ecological framework for coping with FINS stresses can allow better strategic planning for FS at national, household and individual levels and understanding the interactions between them to reach out to and help these sectors of the population.

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Section: The Conceptual Framework Of the Sociotype And Its Applicatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping With Food Insecurity Using the Sociotype Ecological Framework

Peng

Dernini²,

Berry

2018

Front. Nutr.

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“…Sociotype Questionnaire (SOCQ) SOCQ is a questionnaire of 12 items (+4) used to assess the quality of relationships with family, friends, acquaintances and work/study mates (four questions for each one) [93]. This last domain was not used with elders because it was not applicable.…”

Section: Sociotypementioning

confidence: 99%

How to Improve the Functional Capacity of Frail and Pre-Frail Elderly People? Health, Nutritional Status and Exercise Intervention. The EXERNET-Elder 3.0 Project

et al. 2020

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Aging is associated with the impairment of health and functional capacity, and physical exercise seems to be an effective tool in frailty prevention and treatment. The purpose of this study was to present the methodology used in the EXERNET-Elder 3.0 project that aims to evaluate the immediate and residual effects and of a multicomponent exercise training program called Elder-fit on frailty, fitness, body composition and quality of life, and also to analyse a possible dietary intake interaction according to health and metabolic status. A total of 110 frail and pre-frail elders participated in this study and were divided into a control group (CG = 52) and an intervention group (IG = 58). The IG performed a supervised multicomponent exercise training program of 6 months and 3 days per week, which included strength, endurance, balance, coordination and flexibility exercises, while the CG continued with their usual daily activities. Both groups received four speeches about healthy habits along the project. Four evaluations were performed: at baseline, after 3 months of training, at the end of the training program (6 months) and 4 months after the program had ended to examine the effects of detraining. Evaluating the efficacy, safety and feasibility of this program will help to develop efficacious physical interventions against frailty. Further, protocols should be described accurately to allow exercise programs to be successfully replicated.

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“…Somehow, we have to admit, communication itself entails and underpins the core complexity in all living and social systems. It may be exemplified in the conceptual triad that inspires the present work: genotype, phenotype, and sociotype (Marijuán et al, 2017). It took decades, if not centuries, of intense research to decipher the "information flow" associated with the genotype molecular structure of DNA, to RNA, to proteins, etc.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present work we have analyzed the aggregate results from the sociotype quantitative questions. The results from the Sociotype questionnaire were analyzed elsewhere (Marijuán et al, 2017), and the correlations between the quantitative questions analyzed here and the results from the other questionnaires will be the focus of future works. Additionally, given the non-Gaussian nature of the distributions, we have applied a linear least squares fitting technique exploring the Planckian distribution equation (PDE).…”

Section: Statistical and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental, Quantitative Traits of the “Sociotype”

Marijuán

Moral

et al. 2019

Biosystems

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In whatever domain of life, from cells to organisms to societies, communicative exchanges underlie the formation and maintenance, and decay, of the emerging collective structures. It can be clearly seen in the human social world. The different classes of social bonds in a complex society revolve around, and are intimately related with, the communicative relationships that every individual entertains-essentially via face-to-face conversation. In the present work we have investigated the fundamental metrics of both social bonds and communicative exchanges along the development of the "sociotype" construct. It is a new approach developed by the authors within the genotype-phenotype-sociotype conceptual triad. The sociotype means the relative constancy, or better the similar fabric, of the social world in which each individual life is developed. In order to ascertain the metrics of these two fundamental quantitative traits inherent in the sociotype, a fieldwork involving a total of 1,475 individuals (68.59% female, and 49.79 mean age, SD=21.47) was carried out. The four relational realms of family, friends, work/study, and acquaintances were investigated. The overall results about conversation time (an average of 220 min/day), and about the number of social bonds (an average of 98), differ from previous assumptions, such as Dunbar's number or Killworth's number. Other results about gender, age, and use of social media and Internet contribute to highlight significant differences among the different social segments, and particularly the diminished "sociotype" of the elderly. Finally, it is curious that a non-Gaussian distribution has been obtained for the specific population allotment of these metrics, and intriguingly the Planckian distribution equation (PDE) appears to be a most cogent fit.

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The “sociotype” construct: Gauging the structure and dynamics of human sociality

Cited by 16 publications

References 70 publications

Coping With Food Insecurity Using the Sociotype Ecological Framework

Coping With Food Insecurity Using the Sociotype Ecological Framework

How to Improve the Functional Capacity of Frail and Pre-Frail Elderly People? Health, Nutritional Status and Exercise Intervention. The EXERNET-Elder 3.0 Project

Fundamental, Quantitative Traits of the “Sociotype”

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