The solution to the seven mysteries of AIDS; The ‘Trojan Horse’

Erlander, Stig R.

doi:10.1016/0306-9877(95)90293-7

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…(16,27). In the Trojan horse mechanism, infected immune cells, such as monocytes, carry the pathogen through the BBB; this mechanism has been suggested for viral pathogens, such as HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus (13,15,26).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptococcal Yeast Cells Invade the Central Nervous System via Transcellular Penetration of the Blood-Brain Barrier

Chang¹,

et al. 2004

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confidence: 99%

Cryptococcal Yeast Cells Invade the Central Nervous System via Transcellular Penetration of the Blood-Brain Barrier

Chang¹,

et al. 2004

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“…A ''Trojan horse'' mechanism through recruitment of latently infected mononuclear cells from the peripheral circulation has been proposed for the human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (Lawson et al, 1992;Erlander, 1995;Lane et al, 1996). Circulating monocytes, from which perivascular macrophage/microglia are derived, are a possible vehicle for cellassociated transmigration of virus across the BBB.…”

Section: Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Pathology of the Blood–Brain Barrier

Nag¹

2007

Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology

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“…A ‘Trojan horse’ mechanism through recruitment of latently infected mononuclear cells from the peripheral circulation has been proposed for the human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV) to invade the CNS (Lawson et al ., 1992; Erlander, 1995; Lane et al ., 1996). Circulating monocytes, from which perivascular macrophage/microglia are derived, are a possible vehicle for cell‐associated transmigration of virus across the blood–brain barrier.…”

Section: In Vitro Models Of the Bbbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular mechanisms of microbial proteins contributing to invasion of the blood-brain barrier. MicroReview

Huang¹,

Jong

2001

Cell Microbiol

112

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One of the least understood issues in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of microbial infection of the central nervous system (CNS) is how microorganisms cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB), which separates brain interstitial space from blood and is formed by the tight junctions of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC). BMEC monolayer and bilayer culture systems have been developed as in vitro models to dissect the mechanisms of adhesion and invasion involved in pathogenesis of CNS infection caused by microbes. Viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic pathogens may breach the BBB and enter the CNS through paracellular, transcellular and/or Trojan horse mechanisms. Conceivable evidence suggests that microbial proteins are the major genetic determinants mediating penetration across the BBB. Several bacterial proteins including IbeA, IbeB, AslA,YijP, OmpA, PilC and InlB contribute to transcellular invasion of BMEC. Viral proteins such as gp120 of HIV have been shown to play a role in penetration of the BBB. Fungal and parasitic pathothogens may follow similar mechanisms. SAG1 of Toxoplasma gondii has been suggested as a ligand to mediate host‐cell invasion. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms of microbial penetration of the BBB may help develop novel approaches to prevent the mortality and morbidity associated with central nervous system (CNS) infectious diseases.

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The solution to the seven mysteries of AIDS; The ‘Trojan Horse’

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Cryptococcal Yeast Cells Invade the Central Nervous System via Transcellular Penetration of the Blood-Brain Barrier

Cryptococcal Yeast Cells Invade the Central Nervous System via Transcellular Penetration of the Blood-Brain Barrier

Structure and Pathology of the Blood–Brain Barrier

Cellular mechanisms of microbial proteins contributing to invasion of the blood-brain barrier. MicroReview

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