The Sonogel-Carbon Electrode As a Sol−Gel Graphite-Based Electrode

Cordero‐Rando, Ma del Mar; Cisneros, José Luis; Blanco, and Eduardo; Naranjo-Rodrı́guez, Ignacio

doi:10.1021/ac010782u

Cited by 69 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The CCEs have been demonstrated to be very useful for electrochemical investigations e.g., biosensors, electroanalysis and electrocatalysis fields, energy conversion and storage. [27][28][29][30] Decrease in the magnitude of the operating potential can dramatically enhance the performance of electrochemical sensors and detectors. Electrocatalytic modified electrodes have been widely used for improving the sensitivity and selectivity of electroanalytical measurements of numerous analytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Imidacloprid in Tomato Grown in Greenhouse Based on Copper(II) Phthalocyanine Modified Carbon Ceramic Electrode by Differential Pulse Voltammetry

Majidi

Asadpour‐Zeynali

Bamorowat

et al. 2011

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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A new sol-gel derived electrocatalytic carbon ceramic electrode was prepared by incorporating copper(II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) in a carbon ceramic network. This electrode was used as a sensitive electrochemical sensor for determination of the insecticide Imidacloprid (1-(6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)-N-nitroimidazolidin-2-ylideneamine) by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The resulting modified electrode exhibits a cathodic peak potential shifted positively and an increasing in cathodic peak current in comparison with unmodified electrode. The redox properties of this modified electrode at various pH values and CuPc percentage were investigated. The catalytic current obtained from differential pulse voltammetry is linearly dependent on Imidacloprid concentration over the two linear ranges of 0.67-17 µM and 17-93 µM with correlation coefficient of R 2 = 0.9999 and R 2 = 0.990, respectively. The detection limit for Imidacloprid was found to be 0.28 mM according to lower linear range. Possible interferences from several common pesticides were also evaluated. The inherent stability, high sensitivity, low detection limit and low cost for each preparation are advantages of this sensor. Determination of Imidacloprid in commercial formulation and residual Imidacloprid in tomato grown in greenhouse (protected cultivation) was also conducted. The results obtained from commercial formulation were completely consistent with those obtained through the standard high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Imidacloprid in Tomato Grown in Greenhouse Based on Copper(II) Phthalocyanine Modified Carbon Ceramic Electrode by Differential Pulse Voltammetry

Majidi

Asadpour‐Zeynali

Bamorowat

et al. 2011

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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“…Neither considering each electrode independently nor comparing the results of all the electrodes, an acceptable reproducibility was obtained after several mechanical renewals. Relative standard deviations obtained were between 13 and 41% [8].…”

Section: Mechanical Renewalmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…By applying ultrasonic cavitation to favor the sol-gel process to begin, we have avoided the use of alcoholic solvent and reduced drastically the time needed to get an unique phase; the mixture was insonated during 5 seconds to promote cavitation and thus hydrolysis. The complete procedure has been described previously [8].…”

Section: Electrode Preparation Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Responses of a Sonogel-Carbon Electrode Towards Phenolic Compounds

et al. 2004

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The electrochemical behavior of a sonogel-carbon electrode towards nine phenolic compounds (chloro-, nitro-and alkyl-phenols) was studied; one of them (4-chloro-3-methylphenol) was used to evaluate characteristics of the electrode, such as accumulation and cleaning procedure of the electrode surface, reproducibility of the measurements, and influence of time from fabrication on electrochemical response. A polyethyleneglycol-modified sonogel-carbon electrode was found to improve the electrochemical response towards the analyte. A linear relationship between peak height and concentration in the range 0.005 -0.5 mg L À1 was obtained, with a detection limit of 2.8 mg L À1. The studies of electrochemical parameters, as well as interferences, are also included.

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“…Some original papers describe the use of unmodified electrodes made of graphite [55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62], glassy carbon [63], template carbon [64] -polymer composites, a composite based on natural and synthetic diamonds [65], nanocomposite made of carbon nanofibers [66], and a carbon-containing material prepared by a sol-gel technology [67,68]. Much attention is given for the study of electrochemical properties and application of graphiteepoxy composite electrodes [69][70][71][72].…”

Section: Graphitized Carbon and Composite Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified carbon-containing electrodes in stripping voltammetry of metals. Part II. Composite and microelectrodes

Stozhko

Малахова

Fyodorov

et al. 2007

J Solid State Electrochem

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The second part of the review, which covers modified carbon-containing electrodes, describes composite and microelectrodes. Electrodes made of commercial and laboratory carbon-containing composite materials are discussed. Impregnated and thick-film electrodes and microelectrodes made of carbon fibers form a separate group. Various modifiers and methods of electrode modification are presented. Prospects for the future development of solid-state modified electrodes are considered. [12][13][14][15][16]. In most cases, electrodes of these materials are modified by metal films (mercury, copper, and bismuth), molecularly imprinted TiO 2 [17]. The occurrence in the last decade of new types of carbon materials "from carbon nanotubes to edge plane pyrolytic graphite" [18,19] has significantly changed the scope and sensitivity of electroanalytical methods for the measurement of diverse targets from metals ions to biological markers. Investigators considered in detail electrochemical characteristics [20] and practical use [21] of the "edge" plane pyrolytic graphite, which proved to have a wider interval of working potentials and a low detection limit as compared to those of the basal pyrolytic graphite and GC. For example, in situ bismuth film modified edge plane pyrolytic graphite electrode was successfully applied to the ultra trace simultaneous determination of cadmium(II) and lead(II) with detection limit 5.5·10 −10 and 4·10 −10 M, respectively [22].Synthetic diamonds (nitrogen-[23, 24] and boron-doped ) have come into use quite recently for electrochemical measurements. In particular, a gold-coated, borondoped, diamond thin-film electrode was used for total inorganic arsenic detection in real water samples [50]. Unlike properties of other carbon materials, which are widely used in electroanalysis, properties of synthetic diamonds became the subject of comprehensive study just about 10 years ago. The research was hindered by two circumstances: shortage of the material and the absence of conduction. The situation radically changed with the advent of highly efficient methods for growing of polycrystalline diamond compounds.A more efficient separation, accumulation, and determination of components is achieved with electrodes of composite materials made of graphite, carbon, glassy carbon, or diamond powders and binders such as paraffin, epoxy resins, methacrylate, silicon, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, polyester, and silica gel. The reviews [51][52][53][54] deal with properties and applications of various composite J Solid State Electrochem

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The Sonogel-Carbon Electrode As a Sol−Gel Graphite-Based Electrode

Cited by 69 publications

References 18 publications

Determination of Imidacloprid in Tomato Grown in Greenhouse Based on Copper(II) Phthalocyanine Modified Carbon Ceramic Electrode by Differential Pulse Voltammetry

Determination of Imidacloprid in Tomato Grown in Greenhouse Based on Copper(II) Phthalocyanine Modified Carbon Ceramic Electrode by Differential Pulse Voltammetry

Study of the Responses of a Sonogel-Carbon Electrode Towards Phenolic Compounds

Modified carbon-containing electrodes in stripping voltammetry of metals. Part II. Composite and microelectrodes

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