The sound stimulation method and EEG change analysis for development of digital therapeutics that can stimulate the nervous system: Cortical activation and drug substitution potential

Abstract

Introduction The purpose of this study is to propose a treatment method and the effect on the nervous system of digital therapeutics, which is a new treatment method to replace surgery and drug prescription for the treatment and prevention of diseases. Methods The 20 subjects who participated in the experiment, including men and women, had an average age of 26 ± 2.40 years. The proposed treatment method used three types of sound stimulation and air or bone conduction sound transmission methods to induce total of 6‐time EEG electroencephalogram(EEG) changes. EEG was measured with 200 sampling rate each in the P4, Cz, F8 and T7 channel located in the parietal, central, frontal and temporal lobes, respectively, according to the 10/10 system. A total of 2 min of data were created by extracting EEG signals with less noise from the measured data and the extracted data were applied with a 1–40 Hz Butterworth filter and a 50 Hz notch filter with a quality factor of 30. After that, EEG are subdivided into delta (0.5–4 Hz), theta (4–8 Hz), alpha (8–13 Hz), beta (13–30 Hz), and gamma (30–45 Hz) bands. Finally, EEG changes in response to sound stimuli were analyzed using power spectral density and T‐test validation in the frequency band. Results When a sound stimulus of less than 1 KHz was stimulated by air conduction, brainstem activation was induced and the reticular activation system was activated. In addition, a great potential for replacing drugs was confirmed by inducing changes in the nervous system similar to drugs used for sedation. Conclusion These results will be able to expand the concept of digital therapeutics, and it is expected that it will be developed as a safer treatment method that can replace surgery and drugs.

A study on sound stimulation using an individual’s heart rate to improve the stability and homeostasis of the autonomic nervous system: breathing support

“…Increased breathing stimulates baroreceptor reflexes present in the carotid arteries to produce RSA. Stimulation with this specific cycle affects the carotid artery and thus increases the RMSSD [58][59][60][61][62]. However, the aHRSR used in this study induced an increase in RMSSD when changing posture, but decreased the rate of change in HF of the participants.…”

Analysis of breathing patterns to stabilize cardiovascular changes in physical stress environments : inspiration responds to rapid changes in blood pressure

“…Additionally, the action of falling off the bed at action index 15 also showed a similar increase in ANS. Among them, the vestibular system, which is related to falls, is judged to be the cause [ 38 , 39 ]. The vestibular system has the greatest correlation with falls and is connected to the cranial nerves, so it can affect the ANS and central nervous system at a faster rate [ 40 ].…”

Sound stimulation using the individual's heart rate to improve the stability and homeostasis of the autonomic nervous system

“…Based on this, it is suggested that stimulation of aHRSR both improves the stability and homeostasis of the autonomic nervous system, and induces changes in the human body through additional physiological stimulation (Savabi et al, 2020 ; Skow et al, 2022 ; Swenne, 2013 ). This shows various possibilities for application, such as healthcare methods and biofeedback methods that individuals can use (Kim et al, 2023 ).…”