The standard erythema dose: a new photobiological concept

Diffey, Brian; Jansén, Christer T.; Urbach, Frederick; Wulf, Hans Christian

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0781.1997.tb00110.x

Cited by 178 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…A UVB dose of 100 J/m 2 is equivalent to one standard erythema dose of UVB (SED), commonly used as a measurement of sunlight. As a reference, the ambient exposure over an entire sunny summer day in Europe (Switzerland) is approximately 30-40 SED 31 . Human primary melanocytes were isolated from normal discarded foreskins as described before 32,33 and were cultured in Medium 254 (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palmitoylation-dependent activation of MC1R prevents melanomagenesis

Chen

Zhu

Yin

et al. 2017

Nature

172

173

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The melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R), a G protein-coupled receptor, plays a crucial role in human and mouse pigmentation1–8. Activation of MC1R in melanocytes by α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)9 stimulates cAMP signaling and melanin production and enhances DNA repair after UV irradiation (UVR)10–16. Individuals carrying MC1R variants, especially those associated with red hair color, fair skin and poor tanning ability (RHC-variants), are associated with higher risk of melanoma5,17,18,19,20. However, how MC1R activity might be modulated by UV irradiation, why redheads are more prone to developing melanoma, and whether the activity of RHC variants might be restored for therapeutic benefit remain unresolved questions. Here we demonstrate a potential MC1R-targeted intervention strategy to rescue loss-of-function MC1R in MC1R RHC-variants for therapeutic benefit based on activating MC1R protein palmitoylation. Specifically, MC1R palmitoylation, primarily mediated by the protein-acyl transferase (PAT) ZDHHC13, is essential for activating MC1R signaling that triggers increased pigmentation, UVB-induced G1-like cell cycle arrest and control of senescence and melanomagenesis in vitro and in vivo. Using C57BL/6J-MC1Re/eJ mice expressing MC1R RHC-variants we show that pharmacological activation of palmitoylation rescues the defects of MC1R RHC-variants and prevents melanomagenesis. The results highlight a central role for MC1R palmitoylation in pigmentation and protection against melanoma.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palmitoylation-dependent activation of MC1R prevents melanomagenesis

Chen

Zhu

Yin

et al. 2017

Nature

172

173

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“…The UV spectrum measured with the spectroradiometer in 0.5 nm increments was weighted with the erythemal UV action spectrum 15 . This provided the erythemal exposure in units of Joules/m 2 which were in turn divided by 100 to convert to Standard Erythemal Dose (SED) 21 . A calibration of the dosemeters was undertaken for each season of the measurements.…”

Section: Ultraviolet Protection Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Dosimetric investigation of the solar erythemal UV radiation protection provided by beards and moustaches

Parisi

Turnbull

Downs

et al. 2011

Radiation Protection Dosimetry

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“…The measured change in absorbance was calibrated against the measured UVE AW , which for this research is expressed in units of Standard Erythema Dose (SED), representing 100 Jm -2 of erythemally effective UVR (17).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar ultraviolet radiation incident upon reef snorkelers determined by consideration of the partial immersion of dosimeters in the natural ocean environment

Downs

Parisi

Schouten

2010

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Reef snorkeling is potentially a high risk activity for persons visiting tropical and sub-tropical waters due to possible overexposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR have shown there to be some variation in the UVR distribution, with the neck receiving the greatest proportion of ambient UVR (0.56 ± 0.14 (1σ)), followed by the lower back (0.36 ± 0.14 (1σ)).Similarly high UVR exposures were determined at neck and lower back sites for different seasons, different times of day and over the latitudinal range of the study.3

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The standard erythema dose: a new photobiological concept

Cited by 178 publications

References 1 publication

Palmitoylation-dependent activation of MC1R prevents melanomagenesis

Palmitoylation-dependent activation of MC1R prevents melanomagenesis

Dosimetric investigation of the solar erythemal UV radiation protection provided by beards and moustaches

Solar ultraviolet radiation incident upon reef snorkelers determined by consideration of the partial immersion of dosimeters in the natural ocean environment

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