The statistical thickness and the chemical potential of adsorbed water films

Badmann, Reinhold; Stockhausen, N.; Setzer, Μ.J.

doi:10.1016/0021-9797(81)90395-7

Cited by 131 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…CuKα X-ray (λ=1.5418 A) was generated using 40 mA and 45 kV operating conditions. (Wittmann 1973;Badmann et al 1981). According to Eq.…”

Section: C-a-s-h M1-28dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Alkalis on Cementitious Materials:Understanding the Relationship between Composition, Structure, and Volume Change Mechanism

Radlińska

2017

ACT

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Journal of Advanced AbstractPrevious studies demonstrated that alkalis can considerably affect the volumetric properties of hardened cementitious binders, including shrinkage, creep, and micro-cracking. The objective of this paper is to reexamine the effect of alkalis on the composition, nanostructure, phase stability, and morphology of calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) in cementitious materials, and to further propose a conceptual model bridging the C-S-H characters with its volume change mechanisms in alkali-enriched systems. The proposed microstructural model is an extension of the colloidal model of C-S-H considering the effect of alkalis. It is suggested that the presence of alkalis makes C-S-H more thermodynamically unstable and structurally disrupted, and easier to reorganize and redistribute upon drying-induced internal stresses or external loading. In addition, new experimental results regarding the influence of lithium on shrinkage and micro-cracking of alkali-activated blast-furnace slag are discussed. It shows that lithium addition can dramatically improve the cracking resistance and volumetric stability of alkali-activated slag.

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“…CuKα X-ray (λ=1.5418 A) was generated using 40 mA and 45 kV operating conditions. (Wittmann 1973;Badmann et al 1981). According to Eq.…”

Section: C-a-s-h M1-28dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Alkalis on Cementitious Materials:Understanding the Relationship between Composition, Structure, and Volume Change Mechanism

Radlińska

2017

ACT

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“…It is established experimentally that on average, one molecular layer of water coats the surfaces of hardened cement paste at 11% RH, and two layers at 35% RH ( Badmann et al, 1981;Jennings, 2008). Adsorption of additional layers results in negligible change in solid surface energy (e.g.…”

Section: Types Of Water In Cement Paste and Applicability To Capillarmentioning

confidence: 99%

A constitutive model for drying of a partially saturated porous material

Vlahinić

Jennings

Thomas

2009

Mechanics of Materials

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a b s t r a c tA new constitutive model for drying of an elastic porous material is presented. The model is derived by decomposing the boundary value problem of drying into parts for which an explicit solution is readily available. The mathematical form differs from models developed using either the concept of equivalent pore pressure or average pore pressure. Instead of pressure averaging, the extent of weakening of the solid due to void inclusions, a material parameter, is found to be critical for the proper predictions of the volumetric strains. The model is applicable to drying under conditions where multi-layer adsorption of liquid persists, i.e. where the effects of solid surface energy are negligible, and where capillary pressure is the primary loading stimulus. A particular (and simple) form of the model is compared with experimental data for partially dried cement paste and Vycor TM glass, and is shown to provide a much better agreement than previous models based on average pore pressure. Implications to the poromechanics and the effective stress of partially saturated porous media are discussed.

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“…d p ðd p ¼ 2r p Þ is considered as the smallest drained pore diameter in a partially saturated specimen; herein, a pore is defined as drained when the pore is only covered with the nano-scale water film. t [m] is the thickness of the water film, which is a function of the interior RH [29]:…”

Section: Evaluation Of Moisture Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of moisture condition on chloride diffusion in partially saturated ordinary Portland cement mortar

Zhang

2018

Mater Struct

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Experiments have been carried out to study the influence of moisture condition, including moisture content and its distribution, on the chloride diffusion in partially saturated ordinary Portland cement mortar. The mortar samples with water-tocement (w/c) ratios of 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6, cured for 1 year, were preconditioned to uniform water saturations ranging from 18 to 100%. The interior relative humidities of these partially saturated cement mortars, i.e. water vapour desorption isotherm (WVDI), were measured. The WVDI results in relation to the pore structures obtained from the mercury intrusion porosimetry tests of paste samples with the same w/ c ratios were analyzed, which provided a basic insight into the moisture distribution in the non-saturated cement mortars. The relative chloride diffusion coefficients of cement mortars at various water saturations were determined based on the Nernst-Einstein equation and conductivity technique. It is found that the relative chloride diffusion coefficient D rc depends on the degree of water saturation S w and WVDI. At a given S w level, the D rc is larger for a higher w/c ratio. The role of the w/c ratio in the D rc -S w relation, however, becomes less pronounced with increasing w/ c ratio. There exists a critical saturation, below which the water-filled capillary pores are discontinuous and the D rc -value tends towards infinitely small. An increase of the w/c ratio results in a decrease of the critical saturation level.

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The statistical thickness and the chemical potential of adsorbed water films

Cited by 131 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of Alkalis on Cementitious Materials:Understanding the Relationship between Composition, Structure, and Volume Change Mechanism

Effect of Alkalis on Cementitious Materials:Understanding the Relationship between Composition, Structure, and Volume Change Mechanism

A constitutive model for drying of a partially saturated porous material

Influence of moisture condition on chloride diffusion in partially saturated ordinary Portland cement mortar

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