2004
DOI: 10.1002/j.2164-490x.2004.tb00016.x
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The Structure and Development of Internal Working Models: An Integrated Framework for Understanding Clients and Promoting Wellness

Abstract: The author describes internal working models as unique, individualized conceptualizations of self that are embedded in and influenced by the surrounding sociocultural environment. These models, composed of beliefs, goals, and strategies, provide a framework that defines identity. Distorted, damaged, or self‐defeating internal working models fail to provide stability and coherence and may lead to physical and emotional pain in the individual. Healthy psychosocial development requires an internal working model t… Show more

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Cited by 14 publications
(10 citation statements)
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“…As relational competences have normative, skill-based elements one can see how the absence of relationships early in life influences the acquisition of social skills, as may be the case in the lives of these women. This is further supported in the work on attachment theory as vulnerabilities created by insecure attachment organizations have been shown to impair the ability to interact socially and to create satisfying relationships as individuals may not be able to read social cues accurately and to respond appropriately (Allen, Hauser, & BormanSpurrell, 1996;Griffith, 2004).…”
Section: Contributions Of Early Relationshipsmentioning
confidence: 92%
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“…As relational competences have normative, skill-based elements one can see how the absence of relationships early in life influences the acquisition of social skills, as may be the case in the lives of these women. This is further supported in the work on attachment theory as vulnerabilities created by insecure attachment organizations have been shown to impair the ability to interact socially and to create satisfying relationships as individuals may not be able to read social cues accurately and to respond appropriately (Allen, Hauser, & BormanSpurrell, 1996;Griffith, 2004).…”
Section: Contributions Of Early Relationshipsmentioning
confidence: 92%
“…It was anticipated that we would find evidence of negative expectations as early experiences have been shown to support the development of cognitive biases that shape perceptions and integration of information that result in confirmation of expectations through exclusion of contradictory information (Allen et al, 1998;Griffith, 2004;Ziv, Oppenhiem, & Sagi-Schwartz, 2004). However, what emerged was that the relationship experiences the women had, and were continuing to have, were significantly affected by beliefs and perceptions of themselves.…”
Section: Contributions Of Early Relationshipsmentioning
confidence: 97%
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