The Study Application of Water Hyacinth Biofertilizer Towards the Existence of Endophytic Bacteria in Maize Plant

Abstract

Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that live in plant tissue without destroying the host plant. The presence of endophytic bacteria in plant tissue can produce phytohormones to stimulate growth and increase plant resistance to disease. The purpose of this study is to identify endophytic bacteria from the root tissue of maize plants treated with water hyacinth biofertilizer and to calculate the number of bacterial populations. The research was conducted at the Experimental Garden and Laboratory of the Payakumbuh State Agricultural Polytechnic. The treatments of biofertilizer were carried out by immersing the seeds in biofertilizer 4% solution for 12 hours, then maize plants were treated with a biofertilizer in the planting hole, and the age of the plants was 14, 28, 42, 56 days after planting. Observation parameters were carried out on endophytic bacteria of the maize plant and the number of bacterial populations. Identification of bacterial morphology based on colony shape, colony edges, colony elevation, surface, color, bacterial density, and gram staining. Bacterial species were identified using molecular analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene fragment. The identification results of maize root endophytic bacteria found 4 dominant bacterial with several bacterial populations species such as B. paramycoides 12,1 x 10 7 CFU/ml, P. aeruginosa 4,3 x 10 7 CFU/ml, B. subtilis 9,4 x 10 7 CFU/ml, and B. licheniformis 5,95 x 10 6 CFU/ml.