The study of formation and acid precipitation dynamics as a result of big natural and man-made fires

Kustov, M. V.

doi:10.15587/1729-4061.2016.59685

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In the middle of the liquid gas molecules are transferred due to liquid diffusion. If physicochemical conditions allow, a chemical reaction can take place between the absorbed gas and the liquid [17]. Next, due to the chaotic diffusion is the desorption of a drop of liquid molecules of the source gas or reaction products.…”

Section: Analysis Of Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Gas Sorption Process by Dispersed Liquid Flow

Kustov

Melnichenko

Basmanov

et al. 2022

MSF

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A mathematical model of the process of gas propagation in the atmosphere and its sorption by fine flow has been developed. The use of the finite difference method in modeling allows to obtain numerical solutions of the spatial distribution of gas concentration during its deposition by a jet of arbitrary intensity and shape. The proposed method of mathematical description of the process of sorption of hazardous gases allows you to choose an arbitrary number and spatial location of nodal points that satisfy the Courant-Friedrichs-Levy condition. The developed model allows to predict the intensity of gas sorption in technological processes and in the elimination of the consequences of emergencies. The use of the developed model will increase the efficiency of emergency management and choose effective methods of sorption of hazardous gases in the atmosphere. The results of numerical calculations confirmed the efficiency of the developed model and theoretically demonstrated the effectiveness of using water curtains for the sorption of ammonia from the atmosphere. According to the simulation results, it is established that the use of fine spray jets can significantly reduce the distance of distribution of hazardous gas.

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Section: Analysis Of Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Gas Sorption Process by Dispersed Liquid Flow

Kustov

Melnichenko

Basmanov

et al. 2022

MSF

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show abstract

“…The authors discuss methods and technical means for extinguishing fires, but questions regarding the procedure for the application of these funds in the presence of people in need of assistance are not taken into account (Korytchenko et al, 2018c, Kustov, 2016, Ostapov et al, 2019. It also does not take into account the condition of the victims.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the effect of carbon monoxide on people in case of fire in a building

Dubinin¹,

Cherkashyn²,

Maksymov³

et al. 2020

Sigurnost (Online)

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The research has been conducted to determine the safe residence time for people in a room where the composition of the gas environment has deteriorated due to fire. Carbon monoxide, which is produced by fire, has been found to be lethal for human life and health. Determination of safe time was made based on the study of the composition and amount of fire load in premises and buildings, physical and chemical properties of carbon monoxide, and its effect on the human body. The graphical dependences of the concentration of carbon monoxide in a room, as a function of time, were obtained for eight variants. The results allow authors to determine the possible residence time of a person in a building during a fire before the lethal concentration of carbon monoxide occurs. Studies made it possible to determine the safe residence time of people in a building on fire in a calculated way and to compare it with the normative indicators of the onset of lethal concentration of carbon monoxide in the air. The results obtained determine the safe time during which a person can escape from the building on fire.

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Physicochemical principles of the technology of modified pyrotechnic compositions to reduce the chemical pollution of the atmosphere

2019

VKhKhT

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This paper presents the results of determination of conditions for the production of modified pyrotechnic compositions that allow initiating atmospheric precipitation, neutralizing their acidity and scavenging toxic substances from the atmosphere. Taking into account the requirements of environmental protection, the use of Mg as a fuel and KNO 3 as an oxidizing agent in the pyrotechnic composition was suggested. The combustion of the proposed two-layer pyrocomposition impedes the release of chemically hazardous combustion products (NH 3 and HCl). Using TERMO-CALC software package, the content of ammonia and hydrogen chloride in the combustion products of the proposed mixtures was determined at the best fuel-oxidizing agent ratio. The thermodynamic calculations were performed to determine the best reducing/oxidizing agent mass fraction ratio which was stated to be 1:8. The experimental study of the main parameters of high-temperature oxidation (temperature and burning rate) of pyrotechnic compositions was carried out. A two-layer structure of the explosive charge with a highly flammable primary layer is proposed, which substantially increases the probability of ignition of the pyrotechnic mixture triggered by an electric spark. In order to intensify a decrease of the acidity of atmospheric precipitation, a technology for modifying pyrotechnic compositions by adding KOH and cellulose was proposed. The modification of the developed composition with the use of NaOH allows effectively neutralizing such dangerous gases as chlorine and phosgene. The established physicochemical basics of the technology for modifying pyrotechnic compositions for complex purposes allow developing multi-functional explosive compositions aimed at artificial initiation of precipitation and chemical neutralization of hazardous substances in the atmosphere.

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The study of formation and acid precipitation dynamics as a result of big natural and man-made fires

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Modeling of Gas Sorption Process by Dispersed Liquid Flow

Modeling of Gas Sorption Process by Dispersed Liquid Flow

Investigation of the effect of carbon monoxide on people in case of fire in a building

Physicochemical principles of the technology of modified pyrotechnic compositions to reduce the chemical pollution of the atmosphere

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