The study of morphophysiological and economically valuable traits and properties of variety samples of grain sorghum

Abstract

The results of studying 32 variety samples and lines of grain sorghum are presented, as well as experimental data on the genotypes of vegetative and generative traits, and the biochemical composition of grain. When considering the elements of the structure of the grain sorghum crop, we proceeded from the understanding that the yield is directly dependent on the number of grains per 1 m2 and their mass of 1000 grains. Since the plant standing density was the same for all the studied samples, genotypes with a large mass of grains of 1 plant were noted (k-3568, k-3867, k-3900, k-3904, k-8926), which depends on the number of productive stems per plant and weight of 1000 grains. The following cultivars are characterized by the largest mass of 1000 grains: k-3568, k-3900, k-3904, k-3911, k-3962, k-3967, k-3970, k-8926. The average weight of grains from 1 panicle varied in the range from 14.1 to 22.7 g, and the biological grain yield was 3.69 ... 6.19 t / ha (with a grain moisture content of 13%). The output of gross energy for cattle is from 3.99 to 6.69 energetic feed unit. Energy assessment and feed value are determined by the biochemical composition of the grain. In the experiment, variety specimens with high protein content were revealed: k-3902, k-3946, k-3959, k-3970. More than 4.0% of fat was detected in the grain of the variety samples: k-3867, k-3911, k-3957, k-3967, k-3970, k-3973.

Creation and study of raw material for grain sorghum breeding

“…The data obtained were processed by the method of dispersion analysis with multiple comparisons of quotient means according to Duncan's test using the programs of statistical and biometrical-genetic analysis in crop production and breeding "Agros" version 2.09 [4].…”

“…In order for grain sorghum to become widespread in the Volga region, it is necessary to provide agricultural producers with varieties and hybrids characterized by high drought resistance, early maturity, high productivity, resistance to diseases and pests, cold resistance, rapid starting growth, uniformity of ripening, the ability to mechanized harvesting [4][5].…”

Сравнительная Оценка Коллекционных Образцов Сорго При Возделывании В Условиях Севера Казахстана

“…Результаты изучения коллекции сорговых культур позволили выделить формы с высокой урожайностью зеленой массы в течение нескольких лет испытания (таблица 1). Выход кормовых единиц, валовой энергии, энергетическая и кормовое значение обуславливается биохимическим составом зерна [12]. Изучение питательности кормов основано на учете содержания клетчатки в зеленой массе в фазу выметывания, растворимых углеводов, сырого протеина, обменной энергии и кормовых единиц.…”