The study of the effects of ionizing and non-ionizing radiations on birth weight of newborns to exposed mothers

Mortazavi, Seyed Mohammad Javad; Shirazi, KRaygan; Mortazavi, Ghazal

doi:10.4103/0976-9668.107293

Cited by 22 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Mortazavi et al examined using a large sample size of 1200 newborns, whose mothers had been either exposed or not exposed to dental radiography in Iran. It was shown that the children of mothers who had received dental radiography during their pregnancy showed no significant decrease in their birth weight (Mortazavi et al 2013).…”

Section: Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of the literature on the biological effects from dental X-ray exposures

Chauhan

Wilkins

2019

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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Purpose: Routine dental X-rays are among the most common sources of ionizing radiation exposure for healthy individuals globally, with 300 examinations/1000 individuals/year as documented by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) global survey of medical radiation usage and exposure. Furthermore, in the United States of America, an increased use of dental radiography is evident. However, with the shift from using film to digital image receptors, the dose of radiation per routine examination has decreased. Despite this, there remains public concern of dental X-rays. This continuing concern highlights the need to review the literature on biological and health effects related to exposure, from dental X-rays. Material and methods: This report presents studies investigating biological and health effects related to exposures using dental X-rays in patients and provides a critical evaluation. Relevant studies specific to dental X-rays are reviewed from 1970 and onward with the bulk data in this field resulting from epidemiological and biomonitoring studies. Results: While, most epidemiological studies suggest a possible correlation between head/neck related tumors and exposure to dental X-rays, evidence for causation is lacking. Biomonitoring studies suggest that exposure to low-level radiation such as that of dental radiography may not be a factor in inducing long-term chromosomal damage, but may result in localized cytotoxicity in the irradiated region of the mouth, with no long-term harm. Conclusions: In general, the total number of studies is low and the majority of the data has been generated from poorly designed experiments. This review will highlight shortcomings that could influence outcomes and provide a more balanced interpretation that could impact the public perception and the level of public concern on the health effects resulting from dental X-rays.

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Section: Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of the literature on the biological effects from dental X-ray exposures

Chauhan

Wilkins

2019

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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“…Nevertheless, the question whether ionizing radiation exposure of future parents or peri-conceptional and embryonic radiation exposure impair fetal and post-natal development remains a controversial issue. There are articles in favor of and against this hypothesis, e.g., [54,55]. One problem with statistically negative studies in the clinical setting is sample size -typically in the range of only a few thousand [55] or below.…”

Section: Our Investigation Disclosed a Positive Association Between Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal association of low birth weight with Cs-137 deposition after Fukushima at the prefecture level in Japan: an ecological study

Scherb¹

2020

Preprint

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Background: Perinatal mortality increased in contaminated prefectures after the Fukushima Daichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accidents in Japan in 2011. Elevated numbers of surgeries for cryptorchidism and congenital heart malformations were observed throughout Japan from 2012 onward. The thyroid cancer detection rate (2011 to 2016) was associated with the dose-rate at the municipality level in the Fukushima prefecture. Since the birth weight is a simple and objective indicator for gestational development and pregnancy outcome, the question arises whether the annual birth weight distribution was distorted in a dose-rate-dependent manner across Japan after Fukushima. Data and Methods: The Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare provides prefecture-specific annual counts for 26.158 million live births from 1995 to 2018, of which 2.366 million births (9.04%) with weights < 2500g. Prefecture-specific spatiotemporal trends of the low birth weight proportions were analyzed. Logistic regression allowing for level-shifts from 2012 onward was employed to test whether those level-shifts were proportional to the prefecture-specific dose-rates derived from Cs-137 deposition in the 47 Japanese prefectures. Results: The overall trend of the low birth weight proportion (LBWp) in Japan discloses a jump in 2012 with a jump odds ratio (OR) 1.020, 95%-confidence interval (1.003,1.037), p-value 0.0225. A logistic regression of LBWp on the additional dose-rate after Fukushima adjusted for prefecture-specific spatiotemporal base-line trends yields an OR per µSv/h of 1.098 (1.058, 1.139), p-value < 0.0001. Further adjusting the logistic regression for the annual population size and physician density of the prefectures, as well as for the counts of the dead, the missing, and the evacuees due to earthquake and tsunami (as surrogate measures for medical infrastructure and stress) yields an OR per µSv/h of 1.109 (1.032, 1.191), p-value 0.0046. Conclusion: This study shows increased low birth weight prevalence related to Cs-137 deposition and the corresponding additional dose-rate in Japan from 2012 onward. Previous evidence suggesting compromised gestational development and pregnancy outcome under elevated environmental ionizing radiation exposure is corroborated.

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“…Experimental and clinical studies indicate that various pathological conditions, including fetal loss, prenatal growth restriction, preterm birth, birth defects and behavior deficits, are associated with fetal exposure to environmental contaminants (Adams, 1989;Wigle et al, 2008;Au, 2010;Mortazavi et al, 2013). Chemical toxicants in air, water and foods, and various consumer products are some of the most important such contaminants (Wigle et al, 2008).…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mobile phones and health problems they may cause are therefore the subject of intense research among scientists (Barcal and Vozeh, 2007;Odaci et al, 2008;Wigle et al, 2008;Bas et al, 2009a;2009b;Sonmez et al, 2010;Feychting, 2011). Studies have reported, for instance, that high-frequency EMF damages sleep quality (Borbely et al, 1999), may lead to low birth weights (Mortazavi et al, 2013), and to behavioral disorders in children (Divan et al, 2008) and young people (Divan et al, 2012) and may cause headache in children (Sudan et al, 2012) and adults (Frey, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of 900 Megahertz Electromagnetic Field Applied in the Prenatal Period on Spinal Cord Morphology and Motor Behavior in Female Rat Pups

Odacı¹,

İkinci²,

Yıldırım³

et al. 2013

Neuroquantology

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This study investigated the effect of a 900 megahertz (MHz) electromagnetic field (EMF) applied in the prenatal period on the spinal cord and motor behavior of female rat pups. Beginning of the study, female Sprague Dawley rats (180-250 g) were left to mate with male rats. Rats identified as pregnant were then divided into control (n=3) and EMF groups (n=3). The EMF group was exposed to 1-h 900 MHz EMF daily between days 13 and 21 of pregnancy. At 21 days old, rat pups were removed from their mothers and divided into two newborn rat groups, control (n=13) and EMF (n=10). The rotarod test was applied to the rat pups to assess motor functions and the open field test to evaluate locomotor activity. On day 32 of the study, the rat pups were decapitated, and the spinal cord in the upper thoracic region was removed. Following routine histological tests, they were stained with Cresyl fast violet. Rotarod test results revealed a significant increase in EMF group rat pups' motor functions (p=0.037). However, no difference was observed in the open field test results (p>0.05). In the EMF group' rat pups, we observed pathological changes in the spinal cord. On the basis of our results, 900 MHz EMF applied in the prenatal period affected spinal cord development. This effect was observed in the form of pathological changes in the spinal cord of rat pups, and it may be that these pathological changes led to an increase in rat pups' motor activities.

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The study of the effects of ionizing and non-ionizing radiations on birth weight of newborns to exposed mothers

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

A comprehensive review of the literature on the biological effects from dental X-ray exposures

A comprehensive review of the literature on the biological effects from dental X-ray exposures

Spatiotemporal association of low birth weight with Cs-137 deposition after Fukushima at the prefecture level in Japan: an ecological study

The Effects of 900 Megahertz Electromagnetic Field Applied in the Prenatal Period on Spinal Cord Morphology and Motor Behavior in Female Rat Pups

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