The Sumatra margin: oblique subduction and lateral displacement of the accretionary prism

Malod, J.; Kemal, Badrul Mustafa

doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.1996.106.01.03

Cited by 77 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…6, from Metcalfe 2001) shows the part of Aceh west of the Sumatra fault as comprising the Sikuleh terrane, occurring to the north of the Natal terrane. These two are more or less equivalent to the Aceh and Mentawai microplates of Malod and Kemal (1996), bounded in the west by the Mentawai fault.…”

Section: Acehmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ericaceae in Malesia: vicariance biogeography, terrane tectonics and ecology

Heads¹

2003

Telopea

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Heads, Michael (Science Faculty, University of Goroka, PO Box 1078, Goroka, Papua New Guinea. Current address: Biology Department, University of the South Pacific, P.O. Box 1168 2003. Ericaceae in Malesia: vicariance biogeography, terrane tectonics and ecology. Telopea 10(1): 311-449. The Ericaceae are cosmopolitan but the main clades have well-marked centres of diversity and endemism in different parts of the world. Erica and its relatives, the heaths, are mainly in South Africa, while their sister group, Rhododendron and relatives, has centres of diversity in N Burma/SW China and New Guinea, giving an Indian Ocean affinity. The Vaccinioideae are largely Pacific-based, and epacrids are mainly in Australasia. The different centres, and trans-Indian, trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic Ocean disjunctions all indicate origin by vicariance. The different main massings are reflected in the different distributions of the subfamilies within Malesia. With respect to plant architecture, in Rhododendron inflorescence bracts and leaves are very different. Erica and relatives with the 'ericoid' habit have similar leaves and bracts, and the individual plants may be homologous with inflorescences of Rhododendron. Furthermore, in the ericoids the 'inflorescence-plant' has also been largely sterilised, leaving shoots with mainly just bracts, and flowers restricted to distal parts of the shoot. The epacrids are also 'inflorescence-plants' with foliage comprised of 'bracts', but their sister group, the Vaccinioideae, have dimorphic foliage (leaves and bracts). In Malesian Ericaceae, the four large genera and the family as a whole have most species in the 1500-2000 m altitudinal belt, lower than is often thought and within the range of sweet potato cultivation. The same belt is also most diverse for ferns, birds-of-paradise and bowerbirds. Distribution maps of Malesian Ericaceae are presented, with related species indicated. Concentric patterns of distribution are frequent and could be attributable to evolution around shrinking seas. In New Guinea the main axial range is a composite structure, with the southern part formed by the old Australian craton and the northern and eastern parts formed from 32 tectonostratigraphic terranes or microplates. These formed independently and then docked with each other and the craton. The tectonic boundary between the craton and the accreted terranes is also an important biogeographic boundary. Many taxa have distributions linking different accreted terranes but are not on the craton. Movement and integration of island arcs and more substantial terranes has led to complex patterns of disjunction throughout Malesia, but there is an underlying parallel-arc structure, seen clearly in New Guinea. The tectonic provinces in Borneo are also reflected in the two main biogeographic tracks: Kuching--Kinabalu and Kutei Mts./Mt. Kemul-Kinabalu, the Lupar River boundary and the Meratus Mts. centre. The islands of the Riouw Pocket (Corner 1978a) are notably surrounded by many groups which are absent th...

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Section: Acehmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ericaceae in Malesia: vicariance biogeography, terrane tectonics and ecology

Heads¹

2003

Telopea

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“…(Diament, 1992), SFZ : Sumatran Fault Zone (Sieh dan Natawidjaja, 2000), BF : Batee Fault, WAF : West Andaman Fault (Malod dan Kemal, 1996). tidak ditemukan pulau-pulau kecil, walaupun peta batimetri menunjukkan adanya tinggian di sepanjang daerah busur muka.…”

Section: Abstrakunclassified

“…Zona sesar ini terbentuk di antara pulau-pulau prisma akresi dengan cekungan busur muka. Sementara di bagian utara Zona Sesar Mentawai telah terpetakan Sesar Andaman Barat (WAF) dan Sesar Batee (BF) (Malod & Kemal, 1996). Di sepanjang Pulau Sumatera sendiri terdapat Zona Sesar Sumatera (SFZ) yang terbentang dari Andaman di ujung utara sampai ujung selatan Pulau Sumatra dengan pergerakan sesar menganan (Sieh & Natawidjaja, 2000).…”

Section: Abstract the Accretionary Prism Complex Has Unique Morpholounclassified

“…Zonazona sesar menganan ini terdiri dari beberapa segmen sesar dengan pergerakan tertinggi di Andaman dan terkecil di daerah lampung 6+4 mm/ tahun (Bellier et al, 1991) dan 10+4 mm/thn (Pramumijoyo et al, 1994). Zona-zona sesar ini terbentuk sebagai akibat dari penunjaman miring zona subduksi di sepanjang Sumatera (Malod & Kemal, 1996;Mc Caffrey, 1992).…”

Section: Abstract the Accretionary Prism Complex Has Unique Morpholounclassified

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Deformasi Kompleks Di Pulau Simeulue, Sumatra: Interaksi Antara Struktur Dan Diapirisme

Aribowo¹,

Handayani²,

Hananto³

et al. 2014

J.Ris.Geo.Tam

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ABSTRAK.Kompleks prisma akresi memiliki karakteristik morfologi yang unik sebagai hasil dari proses deformasi dan sedimentasi yang berkembang di daerah tersebut. Pulau Simeulue merupakan salah satu contoh pulau yang terbentuk pada prisma akresi. Studi geologi dilakukan untuk menggambarkan keadaan struktur geologi yang terbentuk di Pulau Simeulue yang berhubungan dengan mekanisme pembentukan sesar-sesar anjak pada prisma akresi, pembentukan kompleks batuan bancuh dan mekanisme kubah lumpur. Morfologi dan struktur geologi Pulau Simeulue dipetakan melalui interpretasi citra dan survey lapangan. Citra yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah citra Landsat TM5, Landsat 8 dan Aster-GDEM. Tumbukan di bagian muka deformasi mengakibatkan berkembangnya struktur berupa sesar-sesar naik dan anjak dimana di bagian utara-timurlaut cenderung lebih naik daripada bagian selatan-baratdaya. Berdasarkan hasil interpretasi citra, sesar-sesar yang berkembang tersebut umumnya merupakan sesar-sesar anjak berarah palung (trenchward-vergence thrusts). Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran fitur struktur di lapangan dan rekonstruksi lipatan di Pulau Simeulue, perkembangan struktur anjak juga terjadi secara out-of-sequence yang mengakibatkan teraktifkannya sesar anjak berarah busur (arcward-vergence thrusts). Sesar anjak berarah palung dapat diinterpretasikan sebagai backthrust fault dari sebuah mekanisme backstop di bagian belakang prisma akresi. Sesar-sesar anjak ini dapat dikaitkan dengan keberadaan kubah lumpur (mud diapir) yang jejaknya juga ditemukan di beberapa lokasi di Pulau Simeulue. Hal-hal tersebut mendukung teori bahwa kompleks batuan mélange di Pulau Simeulue terbentuk melalui proses mud diapirism yang muncul melalui sesar-sesar anjak.Kata kunci: Pulau Simeulue, kompleks mélange, prisma akresi, sesar anjak, mud diapir, kompleks subduksi. ABSTRACT. The accretionary prism complex

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“…Offshore Sumatra strain partitioning generated the transpressional Mentawai fault zone [Diament et al, 1992]. The area between these two major fault systems has been named the Mentawai sliver plate; this platelet moves toward the NW relative to Sumatra [Malod and Kemal, 1996]. The importance of these trench parallel fault zones has been demonstrated most recently by the mega earthquake in the forearc off northern Sumatra which affected an area of more than one thousand kilometers length [Ammon et al, 2005;Singh et al, 2005].…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable carbon isotope records of carbonates tracing fossil seep activity off Indonesia

Wiedicke

Weiss

2006

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] Stable isotope records of carbonates from up to 20 m long sediment cores from the forearc basin of the Sunda arc display significant 13 C depletion, deviating from expected normal marine levels by 5 to 40% (Peedee belemnite (PDB)). This depletion is interpreted to be caused by methane seepage and associated authigenic carbonate precipitation in sediments near the seafloor. About 2-mm-sized globular carbonate particles found in isotopically depleted samples support this interpretation. Their shape suggests microbial mediation of the precipitation process. Investigation of benthic foraminiferal assemblages in cores which record seep influence indicate times of high abundance with an up to twentyfold increase of the population and a dominance of opportunistic infaunal taxa. We relate these ''events'' to the seepage of methane, thus providing an understanding of the duration and age of this postdepositional process: postulated seep activity is most intense between 3-7 kyr B.P. and 27-33 kyr B.P. As cores with 13 C isotope depletion were taken atop active fault zones in the forearc, we suggest a tectonic control of the seepage. Records of seep activity thus may have the potential to archive imprints of tectonic activity.

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The Sumatra margin: oblique subduction and lateral displacement of the accretionary prism

Cited by 77 publications

References 15 publications

Ericaceae in Malesia: vicariance biogeography, terrane tectonics and ecology

Ericaceae in Malesia: vicariance biogeography, terrane tectonics and ecology

Deformasi Kompleks Di Pulau Simeulue, Sumatra: Interaksi Antara Struktur Dan Diapirisme

Stable carbon isotope records of carbonates tracing fossil seep activity off Indonesia

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