The T-RFLP research method in the study of rumen microbiota in dairy cows with subclinical ketosis

Abstract

The article presents the results of researches related to the study of the possibility of using the modern molecular genetics method -T-RFLP-analysis (terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism) to identify the community of microorganisms in the contents of the rumen in clinically healthy highly productive cows and cows with subclinical ketosis. The research methodology is based on the analysis of the conservative regions in the microorganisms’ genome variability. The results showed the high efficiency of the method used for the identification of microorganisms in the rumen contents in the studied animals. A large community of bacteria, archaea, protozoa and anaerobic fungi is determined in the rumen contents from highly productive cows with subclinical ketosis. The data obtained allow us to significantly amplify the information on the pathogenesis of subclinical ketosis in cows with high milk productivity. The presence of conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microflora in sick cows in the rumen contents indicates a violation of rumen digestion, which leads to the development of concomitant non-contagious diseases in animals.

Etiology and pathogenesis of non-infectious hepatopathy in cattle under industrial production conditions

“…This pathological condition is characterized by the accumulation of large quantities of fatty substances in the liver cells, which leads to a disruption in their functioning. With full progression of the disease, fatty liver disease can lead to significant liver damage and even death of the animal [10][11][12].…”

Peculiarities of clinical and laboratory manifestations of hepatopathy: The path to medical consensus

“…[16] Normochromic anemia, erythropenia, leukocytosis, a decrease in albumin, and a decrease in urea concentration are also noted, with a further increase when kidney pathology is associated. [16,17] It should also be noted that bile acids are an important tool in the diagnosis of liver pathologies. These unique organic compounds, synthesized in the liver and playing a key role in the process of bile formation, can serve not only as an indicator of its functioning, but also to signal the presence of any diseases.…”

“…The value of bile acids as a way to diagnose liver pathologies lies in their specificity and uniqueness. It is also worth noting their potential for use in monitoring the therapy of liver diseases [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

“…From the data presented above, it is clear that hepatopathy in all animal species manifests itself as pathological syndromes of the same type. Cytolysis syndrome, which occurs as a result of the destruction of hepatocyte membranes and the release of cell contents into the intercellular space, manifests itself biochemically as an increase in the enzymes contained in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of liver cells (AST, ALT, and LDH) and an increase in the concentration of bilirubin (urobilinuria) [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Cholestasis syndrome, which occurs due to disorders in the biliary system of the liver, manifests itself in the form of increased alkaline phosphatase and an increase in bilirubin in the blood.…”

The prevalence of hepatopathy in productive animals and aquaculture objects

“…In the modern agricultural sector, statistics of liver pathologies in productive animals has become an important topic for study. Liver pathologies can have a serious impact on the animals' health and productivity, which negatively affects the economics of agricultural enterprises [1][2][3]. The liver is the central metabolic organ in animals.…”