The Task and Workslip Scheme for Personal Agent Systems

Kendon, Tyson; Denzinger, Jörg

doi:10.1109/hccai49649.2020.00012

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…The movement of the hand onscreen is no longer smooth: it contains a kind of 'bobble' at the tail end. 10 Something has changed, though it is hard to say what. We may even have to sweep through frame 6 or 7 to verify the change and clarify its nature.…”

Section: Beginnings and Refinementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The discovery of synchrony: By means of the projector as a scientific instrument

Watter

2024

History of the Human Sciences

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This article considers the implications for film analysis of the presence or absence of a manual crank. More specifically, it looks at the 16 mm Time and Motion Study Projector as used in behavioral research in the 1960s and 1970s. The controversial concept of ‘interactional synchrony’, or the dance-like coordination of people in conversation, emerged from the use of this hand-turned projector. William S. Condon developed the concept along with the technique of microanalysis. Starting with the projector manufactured by Bell & Howell, he made numerous improvements to facilitate observation—‘sweeping’ over segments of very short duration to discover the rhythmic synchrony of all filmed participants. It led him to a theory of ‘process’ in communication, and in the reception of speech in particular. People always ‘danced’ to the tune of their own voice, and their listeners ‘danced’ to the tune of the speaker—at intervals of one-sixth or one-eighth of a second. This also led Condon to an epistemology of discovery derived partly from philosophy but mostly from his machinery. The universe, he said, is a ‘continuum of order’ whose structures are preserved through translations of order: of thought into speech, speech into vibrations, vibrations into neurons, and back into behavior. The only exceptions are people with disabilities, like the autistics Condon studied from the 1970s onward. But the very distinction of normal and pathological was epiphenomenal to his scanning technique; it was rooted in material and formal qualities of film and of the projector whose crank he turned often.

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Section: Beginnings and Refinementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interactional synchrony was more controversial, especially in Condon's 'very radical' view of it. 18 One critic outlined two possible objections. The first was a strictly technical objection on the grounds that a listener could not respond so quickly.…”

Section: Beginnings and Refinementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The discovery of synchrony: By means of the projector as a scientific instrument

Watter

2024

History of the Human Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The Task and Workslip Scheme for Personal Agent Systems

Cited by 1 publication

References 10 publications

The discovery of synchrony: By means of the projector as a scientific instrument

The discovery of synchrony: By means of the projector as a scientific instrument

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