The Temperature Dependence of the Viscosity of Liquids

Gutmann, F.; Simmons, Lisa M.

doi:10.1063/1.1702361

Cited by 72 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Many liquids, however, exist for which large negative values are found for T o [15,16]. Such liquids should still be fluid at 0 K. They do freeze however at much higher temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Pure liquids described as concentrated cluster dispersions

Kunnen

1988

Rheol Acta

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Abstract:The Fulcher-Tammann-Hesse-Vogel equation, lnr/= A + B / ( T -T o ) , is shown to be equivalent to the general viscosity-composition relationship, In t/r = k f ~0/ (1 -fcp), for binary mixtures. The Cailletet-Mathias law of the Rectilinear Diameter is rearranged to represent a density mixture formula for two components. Temperature-independent viscosities and densities can then be calculated for dense, solid cluster fractions, dispersed in a low-density, low-viscosity non-clustered continuous phase. The cluster fraction decreases with temperature. The value of T o is shown to be related to the liquid-or solid-like behavior of the clusters. For liquids with a vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg at the melting point, the calculated cluster volume fraction suggests close packing of clusters, ranging in shape from monodisperse spheres to polydisperse non-spherical particles. Examples are given for molecular liquids, molten metals, and molten salts. The size of the clusters is estimated from the heat of evaporation.

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“…Many liquids, however, exist for which large negative values are found for T o [15,16]. Such liquids should still be fluid at 0 K. They do freeze however at much higher temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Application to normal solvents was carried out by Hoffmann and Rother [15]. Gutmann and Simmons used it for molten metals and molten salts [16]. For T o = 0 the FTHV-equation is identical to the Arrheuius equation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pure liquids described as concentrated cluster dispersions

Kunnen

1988

Rheol Acta

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“…(59) Values of A 4 and A S! computed using Equation (59) are shown in Table XX. It my be seen tbaX the free energy values are somewhat higher, and the entropy values slightly lover than those in Table fIX.…”

Section: H-himentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(58) Equation (58) is simplified numerically by substituting the value of log V and log Nh, V A4 = 2.303 RT (log A -log T + 5.098]. (59) Values of A 4 and A S! computed using Equation (59) are shown in Table XX.…”

Section: H-himentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationships Between Polymers and Glass Transition Temperatures

Lewis¹,

Gallacher²

1965

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“…Indeed it can be shown (17) that, were water to maintain its observed heat capacity during extended supercooling, it would have to pass through the glass transition at a temperature above about 160°K in order that conflict with the second and third laws of thermodynamics be avoided. Also, according to a fit of the existing viscosity data to the normally reliable Vogel-TammannFulcher equation, the glass transition for water must fall above 150°K (20), and Miller (21), using the general rule 77 = 1013 poise at the glass transition, suggests Tg would occur at 162°K.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%