The temporal structure of pollution levels in developed cities

Morillas, Juan Miguel Barrigón; Ortiz-Caraballo, Carmen; Gajardo, Carlos Prieto

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.057

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The measurements were performed on different working days and the sampling time for each measurement was 15 min. Previous studies [ 36 , 49 ] showed stability of the daily noise levels in the aforementioned months, and also these studies indicated that the main temporal variability of noise levels was among time-intervals within the day. At each sampling point, for each sampling strategy, at least five measurements were randomly selected in the following time-intervals: diurnal (from 07.00 to 19.00), evening (from 19.00 to 23.00), and nocturnal (from 23.00 to 07.00).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Nowadays the sampling methods more commonly used in noise mapping are based on systematic random sampling using a regular grid or on the stratification of urban roads [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. There are also studies that carry out a stratification of land use after selecting any of the previous sampling strategies [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stratification of urban roads is an increasingly popular method [ 34 , 36 ]. It is based on the generally accepted assumption that road traffic is the most important source of noise in cities, and for most streets it can be considered the main cause of the spatial and temporal variability of that noise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Sampling Methodologies for Noise Pollution Assessment and the Impact on the Population

Gozalo

Morillas

2016

IJERPH

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Today, noise pollution is an increasing environmental stressor. Noise maps are recognised as the main tool for assessing and managing environmental noise, but their accuracy largely depends on the sampling method used. The sampling methods most commonly used by different researchers (grid, legislative road types and categorisation methods) were analysed and compared using the city of Talca (Chile) as a test case. The results show that the stratification of sound values in road categories has a significantly lower prediction error and a higher capacity for discrimination and prediction than in the legislative road types used by the Ministry of Transport and Telecommunications in Chile. Also, the use of one or another method implies significant differences in the assessment of population exposure to noise pollution. Thus, the selection of a suitable method for performing noise maps through measurements is essential to achieve an accurate assessment of the impact of noise pollution on the population.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Sampling Methodologies for Noise Pollution Assessment and the Impact on the Population

Gozalo

Morillas

2016

IJERPH

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“…Contour lines are used to show the boundary of varying noise levels in a particular area. Noise maps are also helpful in establishing the existing baseline data to measure the effectiveness of future initiatives to control noise pollution [ 11 ]. It may use in understanding and visualizing the way noise spread from the roads to residential areas and helps to see the effects of noise due to nearby buildings along the roads’ periphery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D and 3D mapping of traffic induced noise near major roads passing through densely populated residential area of South Delhi, India

et al. 2021

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Noise monitoring and mapping is the critical processes to ensure that the noise level does not reach the harmful levels and provides noise exposure level details. 2-D and 3-D noise mapping has been carried out at pre-selected critical locations of major roads passing through densely populated residential areas, namely, Mathura Road, Lodhi Road, Lala Lajpat Rai Road, and Ring road, along with significant intersections, viz. Moolchand, Ashram, Sabz Burj, and Lodhi road. The monitoring has been performed during the day and night’s peak traffic hours using Sound Level Meter (SLM) Larson & Davis 831as per standard procedure. Then after, 2-D and 3-D noise maps have been prepared, visualized, and analyzed by soundPLAN (acoustic) and MapInfo Pro (Desktop GIS). The maximum noise level is observed at Ashram Chowk [81.1 dB (A)] at 8 pm; however, the minimum noise level is found to be at Lala Lajpat Rai Road [76.4dB (A)] at 7 pm. Monitoring results of noise level show non-compliance of regulatory standards for day time and night time. 2-D noise maps revealed that the noise level is maximum at the centerline of the road and decreases either side with the distance, and remains above the permissible limits at all locations. However, the 3-D noise maps show horizontal as well as vertical noise levels at all locations. The 3-D noise maps also revealed a noise level of 70 dB (A) up to a height of 6.096m at the Ashram Chowk and Moolchand intersection. However, a noise level of 65 dB (A) has been observed at the height of 5.486m at Lala Lajpat Rai Marg and Sabz Burj. This study will explore noise levels in both horizontal and vertical directions near roads surrounded by high-rise buildings. It will help the decision-makers take remedial measures.

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“…A good approach to reduce variability is to take into account the spatial and temporal correlation [19,20]. In terms of the temporal aspect of noise assessment, many studies have been carried out to estimate the day equivalent value, for which the actual noise level is approximated by one or a few short time measurements, for a duration that is much shorter than the full-day period, usually between minutes to a few hours [21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual traffic noise levels estimation based on temporal stratification

Quintero

Balastegui

Garbí

2018

Journal of Environmental Management

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This paper proposes a temporal sampling strategy that increases the accuracy of long-term noise level estimation and allows to establish the estimation error according to the number of sampled days. Days of the week are stratified into working days and weekend days. This research shows how to use measurements of L on working days to estimate the corresponding values for weekend days. This is possible because working days have higher noise levels and less variability than weekend days. The improvement in accuracy allows for a reduction in the number of required sampled days compared to taking samples randomly, which would help to reduce the uncertainty in environmental noise assessment. As a reference, to obtain a 90% confidence interval of ±1 dB for L, the proposed sampling strategy reduces the required measurement days by more than 38%. For L, the reduction is close to 18% of the total number of days. The proposed strategy could be adapted to different environments by simply changing a few parameters.

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The temporal structure of pollution levels in developed cities

Cited by 13 publications

References 38 publications

Analysis of Sampling Methodologies for Noise Pollution Assessment and the Impact on the Population

Analysis of Sampling Methodologies for Noise Pollution Assessment and the Impact on the Population

2D and 3D mapping of traffic induced noise near major roads passing through densely populated residential area of South Delhi, India

Annual traffic noise levels estimation based on temporal stratification

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