The Trust Game for Couples (TGC): A new standardized paradigm to assess trust in romantic relationships

Kleinert, Tobias; Schiller, Bastian; Fischbacher, Urs; Grigutsch, Laura-Anne; Koranyi, Nicolas; Rothermund, Klaus; Heinrichs, Markus

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0230776

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The IOS scale correlates with both feeling close and behaving close ( Aron et al, 1992 ), which could explain why farmers who had higher psychological proximity to their veterinarian were more likely to do more to prevent and control BVD if they had an open herd, behaviors that tend to align with veterinary advice. Trust is part of the interpretation that respondents give to the IOS scale and the two are correlated ( Kong, 2018 ; Kleinert et al, 2020 ). Therefore, farmers who felt closer to their veterinarian also had greater trust in veterinarians (correlation coefficient = 0.52).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cattle farmer psychosocial profiles and their association with control strategies for bovine viral diarrhea

Prosser

Green

Ferguson

et al. 2022

Journal of Dairy Science

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Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is endemic in the United Kingdom and causes major economic losses. Control is largely voluntary for individual farmers and is likely to be influenced by psychosocial factors, such as altruism, trust, and psychological proximity (feeling close) to relevant "others," such as farmers, veterinarians, the government, and their cows. These psychosocial factors (factors with both psychological and social aspects) are important determinants of how people make decisions related to their own health, many of which have not been studied in the context of infectious disease control by farmers. Farmer psychosocial profiles were investigated using multiple validated measures in an observational survey of 475 UK cattle farmers using the capability, opportunity, motivation-behavior (COM-B) framework. Farmers were clustered by their BVD control practices using latent class analysis. Farmers were split into 5 BVD control behavior classes, which were tested for associations with the psychosocial and COM-B factors using multinomial logistic regression, with doing nothing as the baseline class. Farmers who were controlling disease both for themselves and others were more likely to do something to control BVD (e.g., test, vaccinate). Farmers who did not trust other farmers, had high psychological capability (knowledge and understanding of how to control disease), and had high physical opportunity (time and money to control disease) were more likely to have a closed, separate herd and test. Farmers who did not trust other farmers were also more likely to undertake many prevention strategies with an open herd. Farmers with high automatic motivation (habits and emotions) and reflective motivation (decisions and goals) were more likely to vaccinate and test, alone or in combination with other controls. Farmers with high psychological proximity (feeling of closeness) to their veterinarian were more likely to undertake many prevention strategies in an open herd. Farmers with high psychological proximity to dairy farmers and low psychological proximity to beef farmers were more likely to keep their herd closed and separate and test or vaccinate and test. Farmers who had a lot of trust in other farmers and invested in them, rather than keeping everything for themselves, were more likely to be careful introducing new stock and test. In conclusion, farmer psychosocial factors were associated with strategies for BVD control in UK cattle farmers. Psychological proximity to veterinarians was a novel factor associated with proactive BVD control and was more important than the more extensively investigated trust. These findings highlight the importance of a close veterinarian-farmer relationship and are important for promoting effective BVD control by farmers, which has implications for successful nationwide BVD control and eradication schemes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cattle farmer psychosocial profiles and their association with control strategies for bovine viral diarrhea

Prosser

Green

Ferguson

et al. 2022

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…As occurs with satisfaction, trust has significant relevance to explain long-term romantic relationships (Campbell & Staton, 2018;Simpson, 2007). In fact, trust positively impacts the quality of relationships influencing several aspects such as love, confidence, commitment, and general happiness (Campbell et al, 2010;Kleinert, et al 2020;Kosfeld, et al 2005;Rempel, et al 1985;Wieselquist, et al 1999). Although trust is a relevant predictor of a long-term romantic relationship, only one study investigated the potential effect of similarity in attractiveness in couples over trust (Conroy-Beam et al, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

Similarity in Indicators of Attractiveness in Heterosexual Couples, and their Relationship with Satisfaction and Trust

Pávez

Polo²,

Valenzuela³

et al. 2022

Psykhe (Santiago)

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In our species, the formation and maintenance of romantic partners is a nonrandom process. In this sense, similarity between members of the couple can be relevant for the beginning of the relationship (i.e., assortative mating) and maintenance, being similarity in attractiveness one of the most interesting aspects of this phenomenon. Despite that similarity in attractive traits has been documented, there is a lack of studies including modern morphological measures like fluctuating facial asymmetry or body fat percentage when assessing the effect that similarity in attractiveness could provoke on behaviors and feelings necessary to maintain a long-term relationship (e.g., satisfaction and trust). We assessed the presence of similarity in attractiveness for self-perceived measures (attractiveness and mate value) and physical traits (body fat percentage, body mass index, and fluctuating facial asymmetry) in a population of 196 heterosexual young couples from Chile (n = 392). Then, using actor-partner interdependence models (APIM), we assessed whether satisfaction and trust within the couples were influenced by attractiveness. Our results indicated the presence of similarity for all studied traits with the exception of fluctuating facial asymmetry. In addition, we only found that self-assessment of attractiveness is important for satisfaction in women, and partner's physical attractiveness is important for satisfaction and trust in men. Our results suggest that similarity in attractiveness is not playing a major role in affecting relationship. It is probably that similarity could be better explained from the initial stages of relationship, where the mating market forces conduce to the conformation of similar couples.

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“…Trusting a stranger is a prerequisite for initiating any kinds of social relationships, especially those with potential mating partners [1][2][3] . Besides its obvious benefits for our personal well-being 4 , this particularly intimate sort of human social bond involves significant risks and interpersonal dependency, as the partner might choose to disappoint expectations or abuse one's own investments in the relationship (e.g., emotions, time, resources 5,6 ). To minimize such risks, it is necessary that we accurately and quickly infer another's trustworthiness.…”

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confidence: 99%

Facial threat affects trust more strongly than facial attractiveness in women than it does in men

Brustkern

Heinrichs

Walker

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Trust is essential in initiating social relationships. Due to the differential evolution of sex hormones as well as the fitness burdens of producing offspring, evaluations of a potential mating partner’s trustworthiness likely differ across sexes. Here, we explore unknown sex-specific effects of facial attractiveness and threat on trusting other-sex individuals. Ninety-three participants (singles; 46 women) attracted by the other sex performed an incentivized trust game. They had to decide whether to trust individuals of the other sex represented by a priori-created face stimuli gradually varying in the intensities of both attractiveness and threat. Male and female participants trusted attractive and unthreatening-looking individuals more often. However, whereas male participants’ trust behavior was affected equally by attractiveness and threat, female participants’ trust behavior was more strongly affected by threat than by attractiveness. This indicates that a partner’s high facial attractiveness might compensate for high facial threat in male but not female participants. Our findings suggest that men and women prioritize attractiveness and threat differentially, with women paying relatively more attention to threat cues inversely signaling parental investment than to attractiveness cues signaling reproductive fitness. This difference might be attributable to an evolutionary, biologically sex-specific decision regarding parental investment and reproduction behavior.

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The Trust Game for Couples (TGC): A new standardized paradigm to assess trust in romantic relationships

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

Cattle farmer psychosocial profiles and their association with control strategies for bovine viral diarrhea

Cattle farmer psychosocial profiles and their association with control strategies for bovine viral diarrhea

Similarity in Indicators of Attractiveness in Heterosexual Couples, and their Relationship with Satisfaction and Trust

Facial threat affects trust more strongly than facial attractiveness in women than it does in men

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