The Unforeseen Non-Coding RNAs in Head and Neck Cancer

Irimie, Alexandra Iulia; Zimța, Alina-Andreea; Ciocan, Cristina; Mehterov, Nikolay; Dudea, Diana; Braicu, Cornelia

doi:10.3390/genes9030134

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…Long noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides. ncRNAs play critical roles in the development and progression of cancer [4,5]. For instance, numerous studies including our owns have found that dysregulations of miRNAs can drive multiple processes of lung tumorigenesis by regulating cell cycle, apoptosis, and migration [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Non-Coding RNA Landscape of Bronchial Epitheliums of Lung Cancer Patients

et al. 2020

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We propose to systematically identify a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) profile of exfoliated bronchial epitheliums of sputum from lung cancer patients. Bronchial epithelial cells enriched from sputum of 32 lung cancer patients and 33 cancer-free smokers were analyzed by next-generation sequencing to comprehensively characterize the ncRNA profiles. In addition, 108 miRNAs, 88 small nucleolar RNAs, 13 piwi-interacting RNAs, 6 transfer RNAs, 4 ribosomal RNAs, 19 small nuclear RNAs, and 25 long-noncoding (lnc) RNAs displayed a significantly different level in bronchial epitheliums of sputum of lung cancer patients versus cancer-free smokers (all <0.001). PCR analysis confirmed their different expression levels in the sputum specimens. A high expression of SNHG9, an lncRNA, was validated in 78 lung tumor tissues, and the expression was inversely associated with overall survival of lung cancer patients (p = 0.002). Knockdown of SNHG9 in cancer cells reduced the cell growth, proliferation, and invasion in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo. The multiple differentially expressed ncRNAs in bronchial epitheliums may contribute to the development and progression of lung cancer and provide potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Non-Coding RNA Landscape of Bronchial Epitheliums of Lung Cancer Patients

et al. 2020

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“…Since their discovery, moRNAs have been detected in different organisms [3,[5][6][7][8][9][10], including humans [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. MoRNAs are characterized by high sequence conservation [18] and have been Novel miRNAs are inferred from the known miRNA complementary sequence projected on the precursor, according to the secondary structure hairpin-like folding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MiR&moRe2: A Bioinformatics Tool to Characterize microRNAs and microRNA-Offset RNAs from Small RNA-Seq Data

Gaffo

Bortolomeazzi

Bisognin

et al. 2020

IJMS

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MicroRNA-offset RNAs (moRNAs) are microRNA-like small RNAs generated by microRNA precursors. To date, little is known about moRNAs and bioinformatics tools to inspect their expression are still missing. We developed miR&moRe2, the first bioinformatics method to consistently characterize microRNAs, moRNAs, and their isoforms from small RNA sequencing data. To illustrate miR&moRe2 discovery power, we applied it to several published datasets. MoRNAs identified by miR&moRe2 were in agreement with previous research findings. Moreover, we observed that moRNAs and new microRNAs predicted by miR&moRe2 were downregulated upon the silencing of the microRNA-biogenesis pathway. Further, in a sizeable dataset of human blood cell populations, tens of novel miRNAs and moRNAs were discovered, some of them with significantly varied expression levels among the cell types. Results demonstrate that miR&moRe2 is a valid tool for a comprehensive study of small RNAs generated from microRNA precursors and could help to investigate their biogenesis and function.

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“…In addition to RNAi, studies have identified several endogenous small RNA types including endogenous siRNA (endo-siRNA), small noncoding RNAs (miRNAs), and piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) which has created a wider view of normal and pathological cellular mechanisms [1]. The above types are considered non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) which describes any RNA that does not encode a protein [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various preclinical research studies have sought to establish diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic uses for miRNAs [3]. As a result, downregulated miRNAs in cancer cells are referred to as tumor suppressor miRNAs, while miRNAs that permit the expression of genes involved in cancerous processes are called oncomiRs [1]. siRNAs (with 21-25 nucleotides) are produced from exogenous double stranded (dsRNA); their structure is closely related to that of mature miRNAs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Silencing Agents in Breast Cancer

Qattan¹

2019

Modulating Gene Expression - Abridging the RNAi and CRISPR-Cas9 Technologies

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MicroRNAs (miRs) are a class of non-coding RNAs, approximately 20-25 nucleotides long, discovered in the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, in 1993. There are two primary categories of non-coding RNA (ncRNA): (1) short interfering RNAs (siRNA) and (2) microRNAs (miRs). In general, miRs control protein production via partially complementary binding of the mRNA 3′UTRs. Both siRNAs and miRNAs are critical regulators of developmental and homeostatic processes as well as disease pathogenesis. While the treatment of advanced stage breast cancer presents several challenges, the development of therapeutic resistance contributes to a high mortality rate. Dysregulation of miR expression has been implicated in progression of breast cancer disease. Moreover, miRs have been found to play a role in the development of drug resistance. In this context, one of the therapeutic potentials of miRNAs is the correlation of circulating miR levels with breast cancer progression stages and disease phenotypes. Secondly, researchers are investigating novel delivery strategies for the substitution or silencing of ncRNAs involved in the disease. This chapter describes both the general miRNA mechanism of actions and the miRNAs related to breast cancer research. It is specifically designed for breast cancer researchers with expertise in gene delivery, clinicians, and clinical translational scientists.

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The Unforeseen Non-Coding RNAs in Head and Neck Cancer

Cited by 24 publications

References 148 publications

A Non-Coding RNA Landscape of Bronchial Epitheliums of Lung Cancer Patients

A Non-Coding RNA Landscape of Bronchial Epitheliums of Lung Cancer Patients

MiR&moRe2: A Bioinformatics Tool to Characterize microRNAs and microRNA-Offset RNAs from Small RNA-Seq Data

Gene Silencing Agents in Breast Cancer

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