The unique fossil assemblage from the Lode Quarry (Upper Devonian, Latvia)

Upeniece, Ieva

doi:10.5194/fr-4-101-2001

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…These hypotheses are not unlikely as parasitic flatworms have probably been around since the Ordovician based on the extrapolation of extant parasite-host relationships (Littlewood 2006), but so far, direct fossil evidence is lacking prior to the Permian (Dentzien-Dias et al 2013). Earlier records of parasitic flatworms are still debated (Upeniece 2001); no remains have been found directly associated with ammonoids. It seems likely that other parasites were also present including forms that were unable to leave any trace (e.g., parasitic crustaceans and bacterial infections: compare Hölder 1956) and some traces might even relate to now extinct groups of parasites (Boucot and Poinar 2010).…”

Section: Identifying Parasitism As a Cause For Ammonoid Pathologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites of Ammonoids

Baets

Keupp

Klug

2015

Topics in Geobiology

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Section: Identifying Parasitism As a Cause For Ammonoid Pathologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites of Ammonoids

Baets

Keupp

Klug

2015

Topics in Geobiology

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“…The nearly simul− taneous Devonian gnathostome radiation occurrences of the mollusc parasites may be pure coincidence, but one could as well interpret this as an indication that this parasitosis is an early case of platyhelminth infestation, with ammonoids be− ing used as intermediate hosts and jawed fishes acting as ter− minal hosts. Accordingly, one report of a probable trematode infestation of a Late Devonian acanthodian from Latvia, was published by Upeniece (2001) and refigured in Littlewood and Donovan (2003). Although this material is from a terri− genous deposit (Kuršs 1992a, b), it documents the presence of trematode infections in jawed fish.…”

Section: Considerations On a Parasite Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of the Oxynoticeratidae ornamental morphospace using the discrete cosine transform (DCT) to analyze rib patterns

Dommergues¹,

Meister²

2006

Paleobiology

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The discrete cosine transform (DCT) is a Fourier-related transform widely used in signal processing and well suited to analyzing open outlines such as ammonite ribs. The method is applied here to depict and decipher the ribbing morphospace of a large group of Lower Jurassic ammonites composed of the Oxynoticeratidae and their close ancestors. Because they are clearly associated with buoyancy and/or swimming ability, the usually clearly involute, comparatively smooth and compressed shells of these ammonites may well be misleading taxonomic markers. In this context, quantitative analysis of the ribbing pattern using the DCT may significantly improve our perception of the ornamental patterns expressed within the group. A set of 251 specimens illustrating the worldwide fauna and selected from more than 80 publications is analyzed. Big differences are found in the evolutionary patterns of the two main lineages of Oxynoticeratidae currently accepted in the literature. A previously unsuspected Mediterranean group comprising principally the genus Parasteroceras is identified from its distinctive ornamentation. The northwest European and Mediterranean genera Eparietites, Oxynoticeras, and Parasteroceras do not feature among the American (East Pacific) faunas. This finding calls into question some generally accepted correlations between European and American stratigraphic frameworks. The study shows that the DCT is a valuable tool for discriminating between species within the huge and often puzzling range of ornamental variation of the main genera (e.g., Gleviceras and Radstockiceras).

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“…This case is excluded from the trophic reconstruction because of the non-predation character of parasitism. The 200-m thick Lode Formation, composed of siltstone, sandstone and clay (Upeniece 2001), shows a typical estuarine sedimentation (Pontén & Plink-Björklund 2007). Upeniece (2011) reported the presence of swallowed prey based on which a theoretical trophic network has been reconstructed.…”

Section: Studied Fish Assemblagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…conchostracan Pseudestheria sp., eurypterid indet., ostracod indet.) species are present (Upeniece 2001(Upeniece , 2011Jurina & Raskatova 2012). The ectoparasite Monogenea has been identified on two Lode fish species (i.e.…”

Section: Studied Fish Assemblagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early establishment of vertebrate trophic interactions: Food web structure in Middle to Late Devonian fish assemblages with exceptional fossilization

Chevrinais¹,

Jacquet²,

Cloutier³

2017

Bull. Geosci.

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In past and present ecosystems, trophic interactions determine material and energy transfers among species, regulating population dynamics and community stability. Food web studies in past ecosystems are helpful to assess the persistence of ecosystem structure throughout geological times and to explore the existence of general principles of food web assembly. We determined and compared the trophic structure of two Devonian fish assemblages [(1) the Escuminac assemblage (ca. 380 Ma), Miguasha, eastern Canada and (2) the Lode assemblage (ca. 390 Ma), Straupe, Latvia] with a closer look at the Escuminac assemblage. Both localities are representative of Middle to Late Devonian aquatic vertebrate assemblages in terms of taxonomic richness (ca. 20 species), phylogenetic diversity (all major groups of lower vertebrates) and palaeoenvironment (palaeoestuaries). Fossil food web structures were assessed using different kinds of direct (i.e. digestive contents and bite marks in fossils) and indirect (e.g. ecomorphological measurements, stratigraphic species co-occurrences) indicators. First, the relationships between predator and prey body size established for the Escuminac fishes are comparable to those of recent aquatic ecosystems, highlighting a consistency of aquatic food web structure across geological time. Second, non-metric dimensional scaling on ecomorphological variables and cluster analysis showed a common pattern of functional groups for both fish assemblages; top predators, predators, primary and secondary consumers were identified. We conclude that Devonian communities were organized in multiple trophic levels and that size-based feeding interactions were established early in vertebrate history. • Key words: digestive contents, fossil fish, Devonian, ecomorphology, palaeoecology, bottom-up control, top-down control. Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1, Canada; richard_cloutier@uqar.ca The trophic structure of recent ecosystems has long been described as controlled either by lower trophic levels (bottom-up control) or by higher trophic levels (top-down control) depending on species interactions. In extant aquatic ecosystems, both bottom-up and top-down controls are recognized (McQueen et al. 1989, Menge 2000, Arreguín-Sánchez 2011. Large species are represented in the upper trophic level, but in relatively low abundance, whereas smaller and more abundant species represent lower trophic levels (Cohen et al. 1993) implying that relationships between predator and prey total lengths can be estimated.Trophic interactions in taxonomically, environmentally and temporally diverse ecosystems of the past have been reconstructed based on direct (e.g. digestive contents) and indirect (e.g. species co-occurrences) indicators such as for e.g. the Cambrian (Vannier & Chen 2005, Dunne et al. 2008, Vannier 2012, Devonian (Lebedev 1992, Lukševičs 1992, Novitskaya 1992, Mark-Kurik 1995, Habgood et al. 2003 (Maisey 1994, Wang et al. 2005) and the Quaternary (Nenzén et al. 2014). Most of these studies rely on qualitative d...

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The unique fossil assemblage from the Lode Quarry (Upper Devonian, Latvia)

Cited by 34 publications

References 2 publications

Parasites of Ammonoids

Parasites of Ammonoids

Exploration of the Oxynoticeratidae ornamental morphospace using the discrete cosine transform (DCT) to analyze rib patterns

Early establishment of vertebrate trophic interactions: Food web structure in Middle to Late Devonian fish assemblages with exceptional fossilization

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