The untimely demise of the TB Free block model in the wake of coronavirus disease 2019 in India

Datta, Bornali; Jaiswal, Anand; Goyal, Pinky; Prakash, Ashish; Tripathy, Jaya Prasad; Trehan, Naresh

doi:10.1093/trstmh/traa067

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…There have also been documented interruptions to services for people diagnosed with TB [46,47]. For instance, in early 2020, there had been a substantial reduction in TB notifications in China, India, Japan, Nigeria, the Philippines, Sierra Leone, South Korea, and the United States compared with the same period in previous years [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. Specifically, there was a decline of more than 50% in TB notifications in China in 2020 compared to 2015-2019.…”

Section: Covid-19 Impact On Tb Care Cascadementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[58] Furthermore, in Nigeria and South Korea, there was a one-third decrease in the number of active TB notifications in 2020 compared with prior years. As restrictive measures were lifted and COVID-19 rates declined, most of these settings reported an increase in TB notification rates [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. In addition, reduced access to healthcare services and re-deployment of the TB workforce for the management of COVID-19 [59,60] have created conditions for low adherence to treatment, which might also contribute to ongoing transmission and the emergence and spread of drugresistant TB.…”

Section: Covid-19 Impact On Tb Care Cascadementioning

confidence: 99%

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Competing Health Risks Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic and Early Response: A Scoping Review

Baral

Rao

Rwema

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundCOVID-19 has rapidly emerged as a global public health threat with infections recorded in nearly every country. Responses to COVID-19 have varied in intensity and breadth, but generally have included domestic and international travel limitations, closure of non-essential businesses, and repurposing of health services. While these interventions have focused on testing, treatment, and mitigation of COVID-19, there have been reports of interruptions to diagnostic, prevention, and treatment services for other public health threats. We conducted a scoping review to characterize the impact of COVID-19 on HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, sexual and reproductive health, and malnutrition.MethodsA scoping literature review was completed using searches of PubMed and preprint servers (medRxiv/bioRxiv) from January 1st to October 31st, 2020, using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms related to SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 and HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, sexual and reproductive health, and malnutrition. Empiric studies reporting original data collection and mathematical models were included, and available data synthesized by region. Studies were excluded if they were not written in English.ResultsA total of 1604 published papers and 205 preprints met inclusion criteria, including 8.2% (132/1604) of published studies and 10.2% (21/205) of preprints: 7.3% (68/931) on HIV, 7.1% (24/339) on tuberculosis, 11.6% (26/224) on malaria, 7.8% (13/166) on sexual and reproductive health, and 12.1% (16/132) on malnutrition. Thematic results were similar across competing health risks, with substantial indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and response on diagnostic, prevention, and treatment services for HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, sexual and reproductive health, and malnutrition.DiscussionCOVID-19 emerged in the context of existing public health threats that result in millions of deaths every year. Thus, effectively responding to COVID-19 while minimizing the negative impacts of COVID-19 necessitates innovation and integration of existing programs that are often siloed across health systems. Inequities have been a consistent driver of existing health threats; COVID-19 has worsened disparities, reinforcing the need for programs that address structural risks. Data reviewed here suggest that effective strengthening of health systems should include investment in public health with adequate funding to ensure continuity of care for emergent and existing public health threats.

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Section: Covid-19 Impact On Tb Care Cascadementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Covid-19 Impact On Tb Care Cascadementioning

confidence: 99%

Competing Health Risks Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic and Early Response: A Scoping Review

Baral

Rao

Rwema

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The findings were conveyed in a variety of formats including letters, editorials, expert opinion, reports, webinars, feature articles, news articles, and traditional research articles. In terms of countries, the included articles were from Portugal [ 28 ], Ethiopia [ 29 ], Japan [ 30 ], China [ 9 ], Malawi [ 31 ], the United States of America [ 32 ], Pakistan [ 33 , 34 ], Nigeria [ 35 , 36 , 37 ], India [ 38 , 39 , 40 ], South Africa [ 41 , 42 , 43 ], one provided recommendations for high burdened settings [ 44 ], one presented evidence from LMIC [ 45 ], and one study was addressed to all the countries [ 46 ]. The primary healthcare settings ranged from clinics, outpatient departments, general practitioner’s practices, PHC centers, and pharmacies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A project that brought TB healthcare to the doorstep of a community was abruptly halted after the nationwide lockdown in India [ 39 ]. This project was aimed at rendering a neighborhood block TB-free and achieved it by actively finding TB cases and providing point-of-care mobile diagnostic services.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of TB Services at Primary Healthcare Level during COVID-19: A Scoping Review

et al. 2021

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Tuberculosis (TB) is still a major public health concern, despite the availability of preventative and curative therapies. Significant progress has been made in the past decade towards its control. However, the emergence of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has disrupted numerous essential health services, including those for TB. This scoping review maps the available evidence on TB services at the primary healthcare (PHC) level during the COVID-19 period. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Medline OVID, Medline EBSCO, and Scopus. A total of 820 articles were retrieved from the databases and 21 met the eligibility criteria and were used for data extraction. The emerging themes were the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on TB services, patient and provider experiences, recommendations for TB services during the COVID-19 period, and the implementation of the recommendations. The review found that the mitigation strategies, as well as fear and stigma experienced at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic may have led to TB cases potentially going undetected, which may threaten TB treatment outcomes. Therefore, efforts must be directed at finding these missing cases and ensuring that PHC facilities are equipped to adequately diagnose and treat them.

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“…Nationally, the number of newly registered TB patients during 2020 showed a monthly fall of 21%, 63%, 47%, 25%, 38% and 45%, respectively for the months of March to August, compared to the same period of the previous year [7]. Similarly, there was a sharp decline in TB case notification in a public-private partnership (PPP) model under the Mission TB Free Haryana during the lock-down period of March-May 2020 [8]. Patients on DOTS have missed their treatment doses for several weeks.…”

Section: Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

Caring for respiratory disease in India in the COVID era

Jindal¹

2021

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine

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The untimely demise of the TB Free block model in the wake of coronavirus disease 2019 in India

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Competing Health Risks Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic and Early Response: A Scoping Review

Competing Health Risks Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic and Early Response: A Scoping Review

Evidence of TB Services at Primary Healthcare Level during COVID-19: A Scoping Review

Caring for respiratory disease in India in the COVID era

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