The Utilization of Recovered Nutrients from Composted Inedible Wheat Biomass to Support Plant Growth for BLSS

Yorio, N.C.; Alazraki, Michael P.; Garland, Jay L.; Englert, Teresa H.; Ruffe, L.M.

doi:10.4271/1999-01-2062

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, this study is the first to compare the effects of different crop residue drying and size reduction pretreatment methods on the same batch of crop (wheat) residue. A comparison of these leach-ing results with past leaching and resource recovery biodegradation studies at KSC is difficult (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)16), because most were done with one pretreatment (i.e., oven-dried and milled crop residues). In addition, a complete mass or mineral balance was not done for the CSTR biodegradation studies, which mainly stressed only what was present in the leachate or bioreactor effluent and ignored what was not recovered and left behind in the leached or bioprocessed solids.…”

Section: Dry Weight Loss and Ash Content Of Leached Solids And Solublmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Inedible wheat biomass (Triticum aestivum L. c.v. Apogee), including leaves, roots, and stems, was produced at the KSC ALS Breadboard Project during an unrelated crop production study (16). Wheat seed was soaked in deionized water for 30 min, wrapped in Nitex and paper towels, and refrigerated for 24 h prior to planting.…”

Section: Source Of Inedible Crop Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scientists and engineers at KSC have recently been evaluating composting as a means of bioprocessing inedible crop biomass and producing nutrient-rich effluents (1,16). Tests in our laboratories have shown 46% degradation of volatile solids in fresh inedible wheat residues that were composted for 21 days.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For CSTRs we had used oven-dried, milled (1-2 mm diameter) crop residues and also tried freeze-drying (also milled). For recent composter studies, we found that pretreatments could be minimized by using fresh, chopped (2 cm length) crop residues (1,16). For FFBs, we anticipated that the feed would be liquid (leachate) based (i.e., ALS waste solids could not be directly fed into an FFB), that leaching of dried residues would be required, and that uncertainties existed over which size reduction was best.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The Effect of Drying and Size Reduction Pretreatments on Recovery of Inorganic Crop Nutrients From Inedible Wheat Residues

Strayer

Alazraki²,

Judkins³

2003

habitation (elmsford)

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Inorganic nutrients can be easily recovered from ALS crop residue solid wastes by aqueous leaching. However, oven-drying and milling pretreatment of these residues has been frequently required to accommodate crop scientists and facility storage limitations. As part of a research study that will compare three different bioreactor technologies for processing these wastes, we realized that different drying and size reduction pretreatments had been utilized for each technology. This article compares the effects of residue pretreatment on recovery of nutrients by leaching. Pretreatments included three drying methods [fresh, oven-dried (70°C overnight), and freeze-dried)] and two size reduction methods [chopped (2 cm length) and milled (2 mm diameter)]. Determination of mass balances (dry weight and ash content of solids) before and after leaching indicated solublization was least for fresh residues (23% dry weight loss and 50% for ash loss) and most for freeze-dried residues (41-47% dry weight loss and nearly 100% for ash loss). Mineral recovery of major elements (NO 3 , PO 4 , K, Ca, and Mg) in leachates was poorest for fresh residues. P and K recovery in leachates was best for oven-dried residues, and Ca, Mg, and N recovery best for freeze-dried residues. The differences in recovery for N, P, and K in leachates were minimal between chopping and milling and slightly better for Ca and Mg from milled residues. conversion of crop residue (15). However, oven-drying and milling pretreatment of these residues (inedible roots, stems, leaves, and chaff) had been frequently required to accommodate crop scientists and facility storage limitations. As a first step, wheat residues were extracted with water at room temperature to remove soluble compounds that might later interfere with cellulose hydrolysis. Upon analysis, this aqueous extract (leachate) was found to contain significant quantities of many plant nutrients (nitrate, K, Ca, Mg, phosphate, etc.). This leachate could be used to replenish wheat hydroponic solutions, but soluble organic compounds were also extracted (7,8). These compounds led to problems in the nutrient delivery system if not first removed from the leachate

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Section: Dry Weight Loss and Ash Content Of Leached Solids And Solublmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Source Of Inedible Crop Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Effect of Drying and Size Reduction Pretreatments on Recovery of Inorganic Crop Nutrients From Inedible Wheat Residues

Strayer

Alazraki²,

Judkins³

2003

habitation (elmsford)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Relative effectiveness of kinetic analysis vs single point readings for classifying environmental samples based on community-level physiological profiles (CLPP)

Garland

Mills

Young

2001

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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Process and Product: Recirculating Hydroponics and Bioactive Compounds in a Controlled Environment

Stutte¹

2006

HortSci

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NASA has investigated the use of recirculating nutrient film technique (NFT) systems to grow higher plants on long-duration space missions for many years and has demonstrated the feasibility of using recirculating systems on numerous crop species. A long duration (418-day) experiment was conducted at Kennedy Space Center, Fla., to evaluate the feasibility of using recirculating hydroponics for the continuous production of Solanum tuberosum L. `Norland'. The productivity of four sequential batch plantings was compared to staggered harvest and plantings. The accumulation of bioactive organic compounds in the nutrient solution resulted in reduced plant height, induced early tuber formation, and increased harvest index of the crops in both production systems. The changes in crop development were managed by increasing planting density and reducing cycle time to sustain production efficiency.

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The Utilization of Recovered Nutrients from Composted Inedible Wheat Biomass to Support Plant Growth for BLSS

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

The Effect of Drying and Size Reduction Pretreatments on Recovery of Inorganic Crop Nutrients From Inedible Wheat Residues

The Effect of Drying and Size Reduction Pretreatments on Recovery of Inorganic Crop Nutrients From Inedible Wheat Residues

Relative effectiveness of kinetic analysis vs single point readings for classifying environmental samples based on community-level physiological profiles (CLPP)

Process and Product: Recirculating Hydroponics and Bioactive Compounds in a Controlled Environment

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