The Validity and Reliability of the Arabic Version of FLACC Scale: A Clinical Trial

Albab, Rahaf Dak; Shakhashero, Hisham

doi:10.4172/2155-6148.1000656

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…26 The FLACC pain scale, a behavioural-observation scale was used for this study because of its ease of use (score generated by using 0 to 10 number rating scales), its excellent reliability and validity in assessing pain. 29 Kahsay 18 and other previous studies, 29,30 showed that FLACC pain scale has 98% sensitivity and 88% specificity in assessing pain levels. The use of regional nerve block for immediate postoperative pain relief has gained popularity, as it provides a good pain-free period and avoids the complications of opioid analgesics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

A Comparative Study of Bilateral Infraorbital Nerve Block with Intravenous Pentazocine on The Immediate Postoperative Pain Management Following Cleft Lip Repair in Infants

Failat Olushola

2023

SVOADE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: Comparative evidence of the effectiveness of bilateral infraorbital nerve block for immediate postoperative pain management in infants after cleilorrhaphy especially in Africans is lacking. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of bilateral infraorbital nerve block using Bupivacaine with intravenous Pentazocine for the control of immediate postoperative pain in an infant age group following cleft lip repair. Methods: This was a prospective randomized controlled clinical study. The sampled population was patient aged 3 to 12 months undergoing cleft lip repair at a tertiary health facility in Lagos, Nigeria. Study patients were randomly allocated to either group 1 (Bupivacaine infraorbital nerve block) or group 2 (intravenous Pentazocine). Primary outcome was the duration of analgesia following the administration of both drugs. Assessment of immediate postoperative pain was done using the FLACC (Face, Leg, Activity, Cry, Consolablity) pain scale. Scoring was done at hourly intervals postoperatively, observing the child for 1 minute at each hour and rescue analgesia (intravenous paracetamol) given when FLACC score exceeds 3. The duration of analgesia was the time of from administration of the intervention to the time rescue analgesia was administered. Calculated sample size was 20 participants per group. Descriptive and comparative statistics were computed using SPSS and the p-value was set at <0.05. Results: Analysis of result included 44 participants. Mean age was 5.2 months and 52.5% were females. The mean duration of analgesia in the Bupivacaine group was 291.80 ± 95.4 minutes i.e 4 hours 52 minutes and that of Pentazocine group was 151.50 ± 24.9 minutes i.e 2 hours 32 minutes. This difference was statistically significant (p=0.001). At the 3rd hour, 75% of participants in the Pentazocine group received rescue analgesia, in contrast to only 10% in the Bupivacaine group. Only participants in the Bupivacaine attained the 8th hour. Conclusion: A bilateral infraorbital nerve block with 0.5% plain Bupivacaine at 2mg/kg provided a longer duration of analgesia in the postoperative period in comparison with intravenous Pentazocine 0.5mg/kg in an infant age group following cleft lip repair.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

A Comparative Study of Bilateral Infraorbital Nerve Block with Intravenous Pentazocine on The Immediate Postoperative Pain Management Following Cleft Lip Repair in Infants

Failat Olushola

2023

SVOADE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The effect of aromatherapy with Lavender-Neroli oil and music in management of pediatric dental anxiety: a randomized control trial

Abdalhai,

Kouchaji,

Alkhatib

2024

BDJ Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of aromatherapy with Lavender-Neroli essential oil combined with background music in reducing dental anxiety and pain during anesthesia in children. Materials and methods A total of 56 children aged 6–10 years old who needed dental treatment with inferior alveolar nerve injection (IANB) were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1 (Experimental, n = 28) aromatherapy with music group, and Group 2 (Control, n = 28) the placebo group. Children in the group 1 were asked to inhale the aromatic blend of Lavender-Neroli essential oil using a nasal mask similar to one that is used for nitrous oxide after modifying it by adding a 3D printed box on its circle hole and listening to their favorite music as a background before 5 min and during anesthesia, meanwhile in the placebo group children were asked to wear an empty nasal mask. Anxiety and pain were been assessed before and after anesthesia using the self-report anxiety scale Facial image scale (FIS), Observational pain assessment scale Face-Legs-Activity-Cry-Consolability (FLACC), heart rate, SPO2 saturation, diastolic and systolic blood pressure. Results Dental anxiety and vital signs except SPO2 saturation were significantly lower in the aromatherapy with music group when compared to the control group (p < 0.05), with no differences in pain perception between groups (p = 0.176). Conclusions Aromatherapy with Lavender-Neroli oil combined with music seems to be a useful and safe non-pharmacologic technique for managing dental anxiety in children.

show abstract

Lavender-Neroli Oil as an Aromatherapy in Children’s Dental Anxiety Reduction during Anesthesia Injection – A Two-Arm Randomized control trial

Abdalhai,

Tolibah,

Alkhatib

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed to assess the effect of aromatherapy with lavender-neroli oil in managing dental anxiety in children. The sample consisted of 54 children aged between 6–11 years who needed an inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia injection (IANB) for various treatments in mandibular teeth and then they randomly divided into 2 groups: control groups, and aromatherapy group who asked to inhale the aroma of lavender-neroli oil through a nitrous oxide mask for 5 minutes before anesthesia and during IANB injection. The assessment was made before and after anesthesia using a subjective scale (Facial Image Scale (FIS)), objective pain scale (Face-Legs-Activity-Cry-Consolability (FLACC), and changes in physiological parameters using vital signs (Heart rate-blood pressure-SPO2 saturation). There was a significant reduction in anxiety and pain related to IANB anesthesia injection in the aromatherapy group compared to the control group (P < 0.05), a significantly lower level of blood pressure, and heart rate in the aromatherapy group compared to the control group (P < 0.05), and no change was found for O2 saturation. Aromatherapy with lavender-neroli oil is an effective- simple- low-cost way to manage pediatric dental anxiety and pain during IANB injection.

show abstract

The Validity and Reliability of the Arabic Version of FLACC Scale: A Clinical Trial

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

A Comparative Study of Bilateral Infraorbital Nerve Block with Intravenous Pentazocine on The Immediate Postoperative Pain Management Following Cleft Lip Repair in Infants

A Comparative Study of Bilateral Infraorbital Nerve Block with Intravenous Pentazocine on The Immediate Postoperative Pain Management Following Cleft Lip Repair in Infants

The effect of aromatherapy with Lavender-Neroli oil and music in management of pediatric dental anxiety: a randomized control trial

Lavender-Neroli Oil as an Aromatherapy in Children’s Dental Anxiety Reduction during Anesthesia Injection – A Two-Arm Randomized control trial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About