The Viability Test of Sappan Wood (Caesalpinia Sappan L.) Ethanol Extract in the H9c2 Cell Line

Abstract

Objective: In this study, the embryonic rat cardiomyocyte cell line H9C2 was used to investigate the cardiotoxicity effect of sappan wood ethanol extract (SWEE).
 Methods: Sappan wood was extracted in 96% ethanol and divided into dose concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10, 50, 100, and 150 μg/ml, with deferiprone used as a control. Cell viability was assessed using the PrestoBlue Cell Viability Reagent, according to manufacturer protocols.
 Results: Microscopic examination showed that the cell viability of H9C2 was preserved by SWEE treatments at a dose of 10 μg/ml and suggested dose concentrations of 50 μg/ml of SWEE. The percentage of viable cells was greater than 95% with a dose concentration of 10 μg/ml of SWEE, but it was significantly reduced with a dose concentration of 50 μg/ml of SWEE (p<0.05).
 Conclusion: The optimal dose concentration of SWEE to reach 95% cell viability was 10 μg/ml.

Protective Effects of Caesalpinia sappan Linn. and Its Bioactive Compounds on Cardiovascular Organs

“…However, other toxicity studies, such as chronic and carcinogenic toxicity studies, should be performed to ascertain safety for long-term use. Nevertheless, in the study (Sulistiyorini et al, 2020), the plant was not authentically validated by a botanist, therefore the reproducibility of the findings could not be ascertained.…”

“…Similarly, the dye did not have significant subacute toxicity up to 5,000 mg/kg body weight ( Athinarayanana et al, 2017 ). In an in vitro study, a C. sappan ethanol extract at 10 μg/ml did not significantly reduce the percentage of viable cells with intact morphology in H9c2 cardiomyocytes, but this percentage decreased after the cells were exposed to the extract at 50 μg/ml ( Sulistiyorini et al, 2020 ). These results indicate that the acute administration of C. sappan extract in rats is likely safe.…”