The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control

Pötschke-Langer, Martina; Schotte, Kerstin; Szilagyi, T.

doi:10.1159/000369441

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…4 Since COVID-19 has a severe stage of pneumonia or respiratory failure, smokers are much susceptible to severe disease because of their immunocompromised lungs. 7 In an article from the area of pulmonology, Brake et al explained the biological process of coronavirus attacking the human body, where they stated that smoking is one factor that accelerates the production of the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor, which is known to be the receptor of coronavirus, and therefore smokers are more vulnerable to this disease than non-smokers. 8,9 Reviewing seven study reports, Zhao et al concluded that although the association between smoking and COVID-19 is non-significant, active smoking increases the risk of having severe COVID-19 and smokers have 1.98 times greater risk of having the severe stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Smoking and COVID-19 Severity: Evidence from Bangladesh

Mohsin¹,

Tonmon²,

Nahrin³

et al. 2021

JMDH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous studies have explored several risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 severity, but there is still a lack of association with smoking. Our study aims to find out the association between smoking and COVID-19 severity. Subjects and Methods: This comparative study was conducted among hospitalized severely and critically ill COVID-19 patients, as well as asymptomatic, mild, and moderate patients from the list of the city corporation (Dhaka, Bangladesh), as confirmed by reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A total of 2022 adults aged ≥18 years were enrolled in this study. Results: The mean age of the patients was 41.17 years; 66.96% of the patients were male, 57.02% were aged above 35 years, and 81.50% of the patients had ever been married; and 33.09% cases were mild and 14.99% were severe. Among the patients, 29.4% were eversmokers. Smoking status, duration, and frequency, and the presence of comorbidities were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity (p<0.001). Ever-smokers were 1.35 times (95% CI: 0.74-2.45), 1.30 times (95% CI: 0.58-2.87), and 2.45 times (95% CI: 1.07-5.61) more likely to be mild, severe, and critical cases in comparison to non-smokers. Conclusion:This study revealed a strong association between smoking and COVID-19 severity that calls for mass awareness and cessation campaigns from governments and voluntary organizations.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Smoking and COVID-19 Severity: Evidence from Bangladesh

Mohsin¹,

Tonmon²,

Nahrin³

et al. 2021

JMDH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…prevalensi perokok tembakau di seluruh dunia mencapai 1,3 milyar, terutama di negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia yang merupakan negara urutan terbesar ketiga setelah Cina dan India (Pötschke-Langer, Schotte, & Szilagyi, 2015). Menurut data Tobacco Control Support Centre (2015), prevalensi perokok di Indonesia berdasarkan jenis kelamin memiliki kesamaan dari tahun sebelumnya, yakni perokok laki-laki lebih tinggi daripada perempuan.…”

Section: Agamaunclassified

Bunga Rampai Integrasi Keilmuan Dalam Menghadapi New Normal Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Yusuf¹

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sejak konfirmasi kasus pertama Covid-19 di Indonesia , negara kita tidak hentinya dilanda gempuran tantangan diberbagai sektor. pertama pandemi ini secara nyata mengguncang sektor kesehatan. kedua, Covid-19 juga membawa dampak pada pelemahan pertumbuhan ekonomi. ketiga, berbagai adaptasi yang diperlakukan untuk mengurangi jumlah Covid-19 juga menciptakan efek domino pada kehidupan sosial yang dampaknya menghantam seluruh elemen bangsa mulai dari rumah tangga hingga negara.

show abstract

“…In response to the global tobacco epidemic and to reduce the related morbidity and mortality, the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) 48 was put into action in 2005 49,50 after many years in the making. In fact, the need for an international strategy was voiced as early as 1979, and, 10 years later, the work was actually initiated 49 . In 1993, the notion of an international convention was proposed, although initially criticised by WHO for being overly ambitious 51 .…”

Section: International Tobacco Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five years later and after considerable efforts and obstruction attempts by the tobacco industry, the convention was ready. It built on an alliance between the WHO, World Bank, United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), researchers and other relevant partners 49,51 . Two years after opening for signatures by member states, the WHO FCTC was put into action, with 168 of the 192 member states having signed.…”

Section: International Tobacco Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two years after opening for signatures by member states, the WHO FCTC was put into action, with 168 of the 192 member states having signed. This implementation made the WHO FCTC the fastest growing and most wide-ranging convention ever within the United Nations 49,51,52 . Today, 181 countries have adopted the convention 52 .…”

Section: International Tobacco Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Intensive Smoking Cessation Interventions in Denmark - Based on data from the Danish Smoking Cessation Database

Rasmussen¹

2018

clinhp

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Tobacco smoking is by far the most deadly and preventable lifestyle factor for public health, both globally and nationally. Nevertheless, it is estimated that worldwide, more than 1.1 billion adults are smokers. Today, 16% (0.8 million) of the adult population in Denmark are daily smokers, while 23% (1.1 million) consider themselves smokers, and one in four deaths are smoking related. The most effective method of reducing smoking prevalence is by employing a two-tier strategy to 1) prevent adolescents from initiating smoking and 2) offer effective help to smokers to quit. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of intensive smoking cessation interventions (ISCI) on successful quitting through different study designs, synthesised from cohort studies and a review of randomised controlled trials. The aim was fulfilled through 4 scientific studies, each with their own objective. Studies A systematic review with meta-analysis (I) was set up to compare ISCI and shorter interventions in randomised controlled trials (RCT). Initially, 9,569 unique papers were identified, and, after screening for relevant studies, 18 RCTs were included, investigating a total of 10,131 smokers. The studies were primarily conducted in Western Europa and the USA. The body of evidence for three of four outcomes were graded moderate, and the last outcome was graded low. A random effect meta-analysis revealed that smokers randomised to ISCI were significantly more likely to be successful quitters compared to shorter interventions for all four outcomes. The primary outcome (continuous abstinence in the short and long term) increased the chance of success 3-fold. A methodological study (II) of the Danish National Smoking Cessation Database (SCDB) was undertaken. The development of the SCDB and the most commonly registered smoking cessation interventions (SCI) were described, as were the data collection and validity. Two cohort studies based on the data from the SCDB were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of SCI in real life. One study investigated the effectiveness of five different SCIs (III) and found that the intensive Gold Standard Programme’ (GSP - Standard SCI in Denmark) was the only intervention that was effective for both men and women. The other cohort study was set up to investigate the effectiveness of the GSP in a vulnerable subgroup of smokers diagnosed with severe mental disorder (SMD) (IV). The study showed that smokers with SMD were significantly less likely to become successful quitters compared to smokers without mental disorders. However, one in every four smokers with SMD managed to stay continuously smoke-free for at least 6 months compared to one in three in the comparison group. The data were analysed using a mixed-effect logistic regression model. In both cohort studies, compliance was identified as the strongest predictor of a successful outcome. Conclusion This thesis adds to the evidence on intensive smoking cessation interventions (ISCI) through different study designs. The results from both study designs favoured ISCI, although the GSP was significantly less effective in smokers with SMD compared to smokers without mental illness. To develop effective SCI in the future, it is important to evaluate the effects in an RCT and to follow-up the post-implementation effects in real life (e.g., through a national SCDB).

show abstract

The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Association Between Smoking and COVID-19 Severity: Evidence from Bangladesh

Association Between Smoking and COVID-19 Severity: Evidence from Bangladesh

Bunga Rampai Integrasi Keilmuan Dalam Menghadapi New Normal Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Intensive Smoking Cessation Interventions in Denmark - Based on data from the Danish Smoking Cessation Database

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About