The young göttingen minipig as a model of childhood and adolescent obesity: Influence of diet and gender

Christoffersen, Berit Østergaard; Golozoubova, Valeria; Pacini, Giovanni; Svendsen, Ove; Raun, Kirsten

doi:10.1002/oby.20249

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In most MetS models, features of this disorder appear after a 3–6 months diet, but in some can emerge as early as after 2–5 weeks of high-fat/high-energy diet. (Christoffersen et al , 2013, Johansen et al , 2001) At 12 weeks after high-fat/high-sucrose diet there are usually apparent manifestations of MetS (Xi et al , 2004), which progressively aggravate over time (Pawar et al , 2015). At 6 months of high-fat/ high-fructose diet, some atherosclerotic plaque formation in the coronary artery may be evident (McKenney et al , 2014, Borbouse et al , 2009) (Table 2).…”

Section: Inducing Mets In Swinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…While male pigs also become obese and increase fasting blood glucose and insulin levels following a MetS diet (Larsen et al , 2001), female pigs develop a larger abdominal circumference and higher concentrations of plasma insulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and leptin. Compared with male pigs, females are more insulin-resistant and might therefore constitute better models for MetS (Christoffersen et al , 2013, Christoffersen et al , 2007). …”

Section: Inducing Mets In Swinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In high-energy diet induced-MetS impairments in glucose and insulin metabolism are associated with an increase in accumulation of body fat (Christoffersen et al , 2013). We have recently shown that in domestic pigs both abdominal fat tissue volume and adipocyte sizes progressively increased over 16 weeks of MetS diet, accompanied by a parallel increase in intra-adipose capillary count and fibrosis (Pawar et al , 2015).…”

Section: Mets and The Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Investigating the Metabolic Syndrome

Zhang

Lerman

2016

Toxicol Pathol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes, and an important contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, occurs in nearly 35% of adults and 50% of the aging population in the United States. However, the underlying mechanisms by which MetS orchestrates and amplifies cardiovascular events remain elusive. Furthermore, traditional therapeutic strategies addressing lifestyle modifications and individual components of MetS are often unsuccessful in decreasing morbidity due to MetS. The availability of an adequate experimental platform that mimics the complexity of MetS may allow development of novel management techniques. Swine models, including domestic pigs and minipigs, have made important contributions to our understanding of many aspects of MetS. Given their similarity to human anatomy and physiology, those models may have significant predictive power for elucidating the pathophysiology of MetS in a manner applicable to humans. Moreover, experimental maneuvers and drugs can be tested in these pre-clinical models before application in patients with MetS. This review highlights the utility of the pig as an animal model for metabolic disorders, which may play a crucial role in novel drug development to optimize management of MetS.

show abstract

Section: Inducing Mets In Swinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inducing Mets In Swinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mets and The Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Investigating the Metabolic Syndrome

Zhang

Lerman

2016

Toxicol Pathol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One study showed that feeding 2-month-old Göttigen pigs a high-energy diet for only 2-weeks resulted in substantial insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance compared to age-matched pigs fed a low-energy diet as measured by oral glucose tolerance tests. 23 These early impairments in glucose and insulin metabolism were associated with an increase in the percentage of body fat. 23 A second study fed a diet high in fat and sucrose to 3–4 month-old Chinese Guizhou minipigs and compared their findings to age-matched pigs on a normal control diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Renal Shock Wave Lithotripsy on the Development of Metabolic Syndrome in a Juvenile Swine Model: A Pilot Study

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose A pilot study was conducted to assess whether renal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) influences the onset and severity of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Materials and Methods Three-month-old juvenile female Ossabaw miniature pigs were treated with SWL (2000 SWs, 24 kV, 120 SWs/min using the HM3 lithotripter; n=2) or sham-SWL (no SWs; n=2). SWs were targeted to the upper pole of the left kidney so as to model treatment that would also expose the pancreatic tail to SWs. Pigs were then instrumented for direct measurement of arterial blood pressure via an implanted radiotelemetry device, and later fed a hypercaloric atherogenic diet for ~7 months. The development of MetS was assessed from intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs). Results The progression and severity of MetS was similar in the sham-treated and SWL-treated groups. The only exception was with respect to arterial blood pressure, which remained relatively constant in the sham-treated pigs but began to rise at ~2 months towards hypertensive levels in SW-treated pigs. Metabolic data from both groups were pooled to provide a more complete assessment of the development and progression of MetS in this juvenile pig model. IVGTTs revealed substantial insulin resistance with impaired glucose tolerance within 2 months on the hypercaloric atherogenic diet with signs of further metabolic impairment at 7 months. Conclusions These preliminary results suggest that renal SWL is not a risk factor for worsening of glucose tolerance or the onset of diabetes mellitus, but does appear to be a risk factor for early onset hypertension in MetS.

show abstract

“…In general, pig model has been widely used for studying the changes induced by testosterone deficiency because it was shown to have similar characteristics concerning obesity and metabolic syndrome to human [14,15,16]. Therefore, by using pig model, our previous study discovered that castration-induced testosterone deficiency resulted in significant changes of miRNAs in subcutaneous adipose tissue, which were associated with fatty acid metabolism by acting on their target genes [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone Deficiency Induces Changes of the Transcriptomes of Visceral Adipose Tissue in Miniature Pigs Fed a High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diet

Zhang

Cai

Wei

et al. 2016

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Testosterone deficiency causes fat deposition, particularly in visceral fat, and its replacement might reverse fat accumulation, however, the underlying mechanisms of such processes under diet-induced adiposity are largely unknown. To gain insights into the genome-wide role of androgen on visceral adipose tissue (VAT), RNA-Seq was used to investigate testosterone deficiency induced changes of VAT in miniature pigs fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFC) diet among intact male pigs (IM), castrated male pigs (CM), and castrated male pigs with testosterone replacement (CMT) treatments. The results showed that testosterone deficiency significantly increased VAT deposition and serum leptin concentrations. Moreover, a total of 1732 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between any two groups. Compared with gene expression profiles in IM and CMT pigs, upregulated genes in CM pigs, i.e., LOC100520753 (CD68), LCN2, EMR1, S100A9, NCF1 (p47phox), and LEP, were mainly involved in inflammatory response, oxidation-reduction process, and lipid metabolic process, while downregulated genes in CM pigs, i.e., ABHD5, SPP1, and GAS6, were focused on cell differentiation and cell adhesion. Taken together, our study demonstrates that testosterone deficiency alters the expression of numerous genes involved in key biological processes of VAT accumulation under HFC diet and provides a novel genome-wide view on the role of androgen on VAT deposition under HFC diet, thus improving our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in VAT changes induced by testosterone deficiency.

show abstract

The young göttingen minipig as a model of childhood and adolescent obesity: Influence of diet and gender

Abstract: In conclusion, the young Göttingen minipig, and especially the female gender, seems to be a potential model for diet induced childhood/adolescent obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Cited by 36 publications

References 35 publications

Investigating the Metabolic Syndrome

Investigating the Metabolic Syndrome

Effect of Renal Shock Wave Lithotripsy on the Development of Metabolic Syndrome in a Juvenile Swine Model: A Pilot Study

Testosterone Deficiency Induces Changes of the Transcriptomes of Visceral Adipose Tissue in Miniature Pigs Fed a High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diet

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About