The αvβ6 integrin is a highly specific immunohistochemical marker for cholangiocarcinoma

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“…These findings suggest the use of integrins as a diagnostic tool in the differential diagnosis of CoCC and CCC [13]. These findings are also supported by earlier studies demonstrating that αvβ6 integrin is a promising marker of CCC, but not HCC as the expression levels were very different in these tumors [14]. Previous biomarker or specific immunohistochemical labeling for the detection of CCC has been significantly limited as this tumor can be heterogenous by nature [1], therefore studies involving specific integrins as biomarkers are potentially beneficial to the early detection of CCC.…”

A Cystine Knot Peptide Targeting Integrin αvβ6 for Photoacoustic and Fluorescence Imaging of Tumors in Living Subjects

“…Integrin a v b 6 is a transmembrane cell surface marker overexpressed in pancreatic (14), lung (15), gastric (16), ovarian (17), endometrial (18), colorectal (19), oral (20), and skin (21) cancer as well as in cholangiocarcinoma (22). Importantly, integrin a v b 6 is not expressed on most normal adult tissues (23).…”

Editorials Predictors for the development of cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma: in search for the most accurate biomarker

“…such as αvβ6 integrin [8]. NAD(P) H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) [9], MUC1 [10] and thyroid transcription factor (TTF)-1 [11].…”

“…NAD(P) H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) [9], MUC1 [10] and thyroid transcription factor (TTF)-1 [11]. The αvβ6 integrin is strongly expressed in human CC, but not in HCC and can therefore be considered as a specific immunohistochemical marker in the differential diagnosis of primary liver tumors [8]. A considerable drawback of all the above-mentioned markers [8–11] is that they are tissue (not blood) marker.…”