Theophylline and Other Methylxanthines

Geib, Ann-Jeannette

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-17900-1_30

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…However, somewhat higher concentrations (8-20 μg/mL) are needed for the therapeutic effect of the caffeine metabolite theophylline in controlling asthma in adult humans [39][40]. Life-threatening effects were reported for the theophylline serum concentrations above 30 ug/mL [41]. Chocolate contains two methylated xanthine derivatives (caffeine and theobromine), which may contribute to its reinforcing effects [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of caffeine and other xanthines on liver sinusoidal endothelial cell ultrastructure

Mao

Kruse

Holte

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Xanthines such as caffeine and theobromine are among the most consumed psychoactive stimulants in the world, either as natural components of coffee, tea and chocolate, or as food additives. The present study assessed if xanthines affect liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC). Cultured primary rat LSEC were challenged with xanthines at concentrations typically obtained from normal consumption of xanthine-containing beverages, food or medicines; and at higher concentrations below the in vitro toxic limit. The fenestrated morphology of LSEC were examined with scanning electron and structured illumination microscopy. All xanthine challenges had no toxic effects on LSEC ultrastructure as judged by LSEC fenestration morphology, or function as determined by endocytosis studies. All xanthines in high concentrations (150 μg/mL) increased fenestration frequency but at physiologically relevant concentrations, only theobromine (8 μg/mL) showed an effect. LSEC porosity was influenced only by high caffeine doses which also shifted the fenestration distribution towards smaller pores. Moreover, a dose-dependent increase in fenestration number was observed after caffeine treatment. If these compounds induce similar changes in vivo, age-related reduction of LSEC porosity can be reversed by oral treatment with theobromine or with other xanthines using targeted delivery.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of caffeine and other xanthines on liver sinusoidal endothelial cell ultrastructure

Mao

Kruse

Holte

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, somewhat higher concentrations (8-20 μg/mL) are needed for the therapeutic effect of the caffeine metabolite theophylline in controlling asthma in adult humans 39,40 . Life-threatening effects were reported for the theophylline serum concentrations above 30 ug/mL 41 . Chocolate contains two methylated xanthine derivatives (caffeine and theobromine), which might potentiate their respective effects 42 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of caffeine and other xanthines on liver sinusoidal endothelial cell ultrastructure

Mao,

Szafranska,

Kruse

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Xanthines such as caffeine and theobromine are among the most consumed psychoactive stimulants in the world, either as natural components of coffee, tea and chocolate, or as added ingredients. The present study assessed if xanthines affect liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC). Cultured primary rat LSEC were challenged with xanthines at concentrations typically obtained from normal consumption of xanthine-containing beverages, food or medicines; and at higher concentrations below the in vitro toxic limit. The fenestrated morphology of LSEC were examined with scanning electron and structured illumination microscopy. All xanthine challenges had no toxic effects on LSEC ultrastructure as judged by LSEC fenestration morphology, or function as determined by endocytosis studies. All xanthines in high concentrations (150 μg/mL) increased fenestration frequency but at physiologically relevant concentrations, only theobromine (8 μg/mL) showed an effect. LSEC porosity was influenced only by high caffeine doses which also shifted the fenestration distribution towards smaller pores. Moreover, a dose-dependent increase in fenestration number was observed after caffeine treatment. If these compounds induce similar changes in vivo, age-related reduction of LSEC porosity can be reversed by oral treatment with theobromine or with other xanthines using targeted delivery.

show abstract

Theophylline and Other Methylxanthines

Cited by 2 publications

References 145 publications

Effect of caffeine and other xanthines on liver sinusoidal endothelial cell ultrastructure

Effect of caffeine and other xanthines on liver sinusoidal endothelial cell ultrastructure

Effect of caffeine and other xanthines on liver sinusoidal endothelial cell ultrastructure

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