The article proposes the methodological foundations of the modern concept of economic and financial security. It is argued that, in general, the assessment of the state of economic security is carried out on the basis of the characteristics of external and internal threats, interpreted as a complex of various types of factors that create a real danger to vital national economic interests. It is specified that threats to economic security are a consequence of developing contradictions both in the internal economic space of the nation-state and beyond its borders. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the role of FinTech in shaping the financial security landscape.