Theoretical estimation of stability ratios for hexadecane-in-water (H/W) emulsions stabilized with nonylphenol ethoxylated surfactants

The effects of oil displacement agents on the stability of water produced from ASP (alkaline/surfactant/polymer) flooding

“…The emulsion stability of the produced water was determined by measuring the oil-water interfacial properties, such as interfacial tension (IFT) [16], strength of interfacial film [17][18][19], zeta potential [20,21] and steric stabilization [22,23]. And these parameters were affected by the residual oil displacement agents in the produced water.…”

Calculation of the stability ratio of suspensions using Emulsion Stability Simulations

“…2(b) show repulsive barriers higher than 12.7k B T , the threshold for primary minimum flocculation determined in Ref. [22] for micron-size particles. Trial 125-particle simulations showed that the potentials of Fig.…”

“…A very similar equation is obtained using ESS for systems of coalescing, non-deformable droplets [22] (see below).…”

“…[22], there appears to be a threshold for primary minimum aggregation equal to 12.7k B T . Particles that exhibit a repulsive barrier higher than this threshold ( V > 12.7k B T ) do not reach the primary minimum during the course of the simulation.…”

“…In Ref. [22] we used the value of t 1/2 to estimate W in systems of flocculating-coalescing emulsions:…”