Therapeutic challenges in peripheral T-cell lymphoma

Abstract

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a rare and heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies. Compared to our knowledge of B-cell tumors, our understanding of T-cell leukemia and lymphoma remains less advanced, and a significant number of patients are diagnosed with advanced stages of the disease. Unfortunately, the development of drug resistance in tumors leads to relapsed or refractory peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas (r/r PTCL), resulting in highly unsatisfactory treatment outcomes for these patients. This review provides an overview of potential mechanisms contributing to PTCL treatment resistance, encompassing aspects such as tumor heterogeneity, tumor microenvironment, and abnormal signaling pathways in PTCL development. The existing drugs aimed at overcoming PTCL resistance and their potential resistance mechanisms are also discussed. Furthermore, a summary of ongoing clinical trials related to PTCL is presented, with the aim of aiding clinicians in making informed treatment decisions.

Causal relationships between gut microbiota and lymphoma: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

“…Despite significant advancements in treatments in recent years, the pathogenesis mechanisms of lymphoma remain incompletely elucidated. Currently, the lack of effective treatment options for refractory or drug-resistant lymphomas remains a persistent challenge ( Brice et al., 2021 ; Bishop et al., 2022 ; Sehgal et al., 2022 ; Luan et al., 2024 ). Therefore, it is imperative to unravel the key mechanisms that govern tumor behavior and to develop clinically relevant biomarkers and therapeutic targets.…”

The RNA sequencing results revealed the expression of different genes and signaling pathways during chemotherapy resistance in peripheral T-cell lymphoma

“…For instance, NF-κB is involved in proliferative signaling in various lymphoid malignancies, and although further investigation is needed, gene expression profiling studies have shown increased expression of NF-κB-related genes in PTCL, and the induction of apoptosis in PTCL cells by NF-κB inhibitors supports the notion that this pathway plays a significant role in PTCL. Moreover, accumulating evidence suggests the involvement of viral components in multidrug chemotherapy resistance in lymphoma cells, with some mechanisms potentially mediated through cancer-causing viruses altering disease signaling pathways [ 11 ].…”