Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells versus Omega n − 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Gentamicin-Induced Cardiac Degeneration

Abstract

This study compared the cardioprotective action of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and PUFAs in a rat model of gentamicin (GM)-induced cardiac degeneration. Male Wistar albino rats were randomized into four groups of eight rats each: group I (control group), group II (gentamicin-treated rats receiving gentamicin intraperitoneally (IP) at dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 10 consecutive days), group III (gentamicin and PUFA group receiving gentamicin IP at dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 10 consecutive days followed by PUFAs at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks), and group IV (gentamicin and MSC group receiving gentamicin IP at dose of 100 mg/kg/day followed by a single dose of MSCs (1 × 106)/rat IP). Cardiac histopathology was evaluated via light and electron microscopy. Immunohistochemical detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), caspase-3 (apoptosis), Bcl2, and Bax expression was performed. Moreover, cardiac malonaldehyde (MDA) content, catalase activity, and oxidative stress parameters were biochemically evaluated. Light and electron microscopy showed that both MSCs and PUFAs had ameliorative effects. Their actions were mediated by upregulating PCNA expression, downregulating caspase-3 expression, mitigating cardiac MDA content, catalase activity, and oxidative stress parameters. MSCs and PUFAs had ameliorative effects against gentamicin-induced cardiac degeneration, with MSCs showing higher efficacy compared to PUFAs.

Zamzam Water Ameliorates Gentamicin-Induced Testicular Toxicity in a Rat Model via Targeting Sperm Parameters, Testicular Tissue Oxidative Insult, Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Pituitary-Gonadal Axis

“…PCNA is considered an indicator for spermatogenic cell proliferation, DNA replication, and its affection means spermatogenesis arrest. Our finding coincides with that of Meligy et al [56], who reported that gentamicin administration significantly reduced the PCNA immune positive cardiac cells in gentamicin-induced cardiac degeneration in comparison to control group. This can be explained by the accumulation of ROS, which has been suggested to induce DNA fragmentation [57].…”

Acetylated oligopeptide and N‐acetylcysteine protect against iron overload‐induced dentate gyrus hippocampal degeneration through upregulation of Nestin and Nrf2/HO‐1 and downregulation of MMP‐9/TIMP‐1 and GFAP

“…Then, staining with toluidine blue was done after being cut into semithin sections (0.5–1‐m‐thick). Ultrathin sections (50–80 nm) were cut from a few semithin sections, contrasted with uranyl acetate, and then examined by an electron microscope (JEOL, JEM‐100CXII Akishima) in Assiut University's Electron Microscope Unit 33 …”

“…Ultrathin sections (50-80 nm) were cut from a few semithin sections, contrasted with uranyl acetate, and then examined by an electron microscope (JEOL, JEM-100CXII Akishima) in Assiut University's Electron Microscope Unit. 33 2.6.3 | Immunohistochemical staining for nestin, caspase, claudin, and GFAP Glass slides that had paraffin sections that were positively charged were completely deparaffinized in xylene and rehydrated in ethanol of progressively lower strengths. After that, immunostaining (Thermo Fisher Scientific Co.) was done using a modified avidin-biotinperoxidase method (Universal Kit).…”