Therapeutic Potential of Microalgae-Derived Bioactive Metabolites Is Influenced by Different Large-Scale Culture Strategies

Abstract

Microalgae have been identified as one of the most promising sources of novel bioactive compounds for biomedical applications, the food industry, and cosmetics. In the last decade, several biotechnological developments have facilitated the identification of a growing number of compounds as well as the study of optimal microalgae culture conditions for the production of biomass enriched in specific molecules of interest. In this study, two common commercial marine microalgae (Nannochloropsis oculata and Porphyridium purpureum) were cultured in standard and nutrient-stressed conditions and the obtained biomass extracts were assessed for their potential to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and migration as well as their antioxidant activity. Results from viability in 2D and 3D cancer cell models showed an enhancement of the antitumour activity of P. purpureum in the 3D model compared to 2D, together with a greater capacity to reduce the migration capacity of cancer cells with the biomass from nutrient-stressed conditions, whereas the antioxidant activity of N. oculata decreased when exposed to nutrient-stressed conditions. To date, this is one of the few studies that proves that controlled changes in large-scale culturing conditions such as nutrient depletion have a relevant impact in the bioactivity of the biomass on cancer cells.

Antioxidants from microalgae and their potential impact on human well-being

“…Some microalgae-derived compounds, like fucoxanthin, have been studied for their potential effects on metabolism and weight management. These compounds could be investigated further as part of strategies to combat obesity and metabolic syndrome [117]. Microalgae are an abundant and sustainable source of bioactive compounds, and advances in biotechnology could enable the large-scale production of these compounds for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications [38].…”

A Green Revolution in Antioxidant Research: Harnessing Microalgae for Wellness and Longevity

“…While the potential applications of microalgae-derived compounds in preventive and therapeutic strategies are exciting, several challenges need to be addressed for successful translation from research to practical use. For example, ensuring sufficient bioavailability of microalgae-derived compounds in the human body remains a challenge, as their absorption, metabolism, and distribution can vary significantly [118].…”