There is more to mental illness than negative affect: comprehensive temperament profiles in depression and generalized anxiety

Трофимова, Ирина; Sulis, William

doi:10.1186/s12888-018-1695-x

Cited by 30 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…In the present FM sample, fatigue, which is a fundamental symptom of the disease, [1] was correlated with motor slowness, but not with oxygenated hemoglobin during fast finger tapping task. This could further confirm that motor failure is not in direct dependence with the motor circuits functional status, but other factors could cooperate as psychopathologic traits [33], which consideration was beyond the aim of the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Motor Cortex Function in Fibromyalgia: A Study by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Gentile¹,

Ricci²,

Delussi³

et al. 2019

Pain Research and Treatment

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Previous studies indicated changes of motor cortex excitability in fibromyalgia (FM) patients and the positive results of transcranial stimulation techniques. The present study aimed to explore the metabolism of motor cortex in FM patients, in resting state and during slow and fast finger tapping, using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), an optical method which detects in real time the metabolism changes in the cortical tissue. We studied 24 FM patients and 24 healthy subjects. We found a significant slowness of motor speed in FM patients compared to controls. During resting state and slow movement conditions, the metabolism of the motor areas was similar between groups. The oxyhemoglobin concentrations were significantly lower in patients than in control group during the fast movement task. This abnormality was independent from FM severity and duration. The activation of motor cortex areas is dysfunctional in FM patients, thus supporting the rationale for the therapeutic role of motor cortex modulation in this disabling disorder.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Motor Cortex Function in Fibromyalgia: A Study by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Gentile¹,

Ricci²,

Delussi³

et al. 2019

Pain Research and Treatment

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“…It differentiates between traits on the basis of activities, which permits a mapping between certain DSM symptoms and temperament traits. It is also sensitive to the presence of mental illness, resulting in differential effects on temperament profiles in MD and generalized anxiety [Trofimova and Sulis, 2016a,b; and possibly other illnesses (Trofimova and Christiansen, 2016)]. This is a significant advantage over other temperament models which have shown a limited ability to distinguish between these two illnesses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of the Coupling of FET Temperament Traits with Major Depression

Trofimova

Sulis

2016

Front. Psychol.

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Objective: Temperament and mental illness have been linked to the same systems of behavioral regulation. A temperament model, carefully structured to respond to subtle differences within systems of behavior regulation, should exhibit distinct temperament patterns in the presence of mental illness. Previous comparisons of temperament profiles in mental disorders used mostly emotionality-related traits. In contrast, the Functional Ensemble of Temperament (FET) model differentiates not only between emotionality traits, but also between traits related to physical, verbal, and mental aspects of behavior and maps 12 functional aspects of behavior to temperament traits as well as to symptoms of mental illnesses. This article reports on the coupling of sex, age, and temperament traits with Major Depression (MD) using the FET framework.Method: Intake records of 467 subjects, ages 17–24, 25–45, 46–65, 66–84 were examined, with temperament assessed by the Structure of Temperament Questionnaire (based on the FET).Results: The presence of MD was associated with changes in mean temperament scores on 9 of the 12 traits. The results were in line with the DSM-5 criteria of fatigue (patients with MD reported a significant decrease in three types of endurance – motor-physical, social-verbal, and mental), of psychomotor retardation (a significant decrease in physical and social-verbal tempo) and of worthlessness (as low Self-Confidence). The results also showed that three new symptoms, high Impulsivity, high Neuroticism, and diminished Plasticity, should be considered as depressive symptoms in future versions of the DSM. As a significant negative result, no interaction of age or sex (with the exception of the Self-Confidence scale) with MD was found for temperament traits.Conclusion: The value of differentiating between physical, social, and mental aspects of behavior is demonstrated in the differential effects of major depression and gender. The value of differentiating between endurance, dynamical and orientation-related aspects of behavior is also demonstrated. The deleterious impact of MD on temperament scores appeared to be similar across all age groups. The appearance of high impulsivity, neuroticism, and low plasticity deserve further study as associated factors in future versions of the DSM/ICD.

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“…Several studies have been carried out to examine the coupling between FET temperament traits and mental illnesses and demonstrated the value of using this functional approach. The FET framework appeared to differentiate between several diagnostic categories [ 79 – 83 ] better than other temperament frameworks that have been used in psychiatry. For example, the main differences between MD and GAD were in Motor Endurance and Motor Tempo (only the FET model has such components), which were lowered in MD and unchanged in GAD.…”

Section: Psychiatric Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the continuum between temperament and affective illness: psychiatric and mathematical perspectives

Sulis¹

2018

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Temperament of healthy people and mental illnesses, particularly affective disorders, have been conjectured to lie along a continuum of neurobehavioural regulation. Understanding the nature of this continuum may better inform the construction of taxonomies for both categories of behaviour. Both temperament and mental illness refer to patterns of behaviour that manifest over long time scales (weeks to years) and they appear to share many underlying neuroregulatory systems. This continuum is discussed from the perspectives of nonlinear dynamical systems theory, neurobiology and psychiatry as applied to understanding such multiscale time-series behaviour. Particular emphasis is given to issues of generativity, fungibility, metastability, non-stationarity and contextuality. Implications of these dynamical properties for the development of taxonomies will be discussed. Problems with the over-reliance of psychologists on statistical and mathematical methods in deriving their taxonomies (particularly those based on factor analysis) will be discussed from a dynamical perspective. An alternative approach to temperament based upon functionality, and its discriminative capabilities in mental illness, is presented.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Diverse perspectives on diversity: multi-disciplinary approaches to taxonomies of individual differences’.

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There is more to mental illness than negative affect: comprehensive temperament profiles in depression and generalized anxiety

Cited by 30 publications

References 62 publications

Motor Cortex Function in Fibromyalgia: A Study by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Motor Cortex Function in Fibromyalgia: A Study by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

A Study of the Coupling of FET Temperament Traits with Major Depression

Assessing the continuum between temperament and affective illness: psychiatric and mathematical perspectives

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