Thermal analysis and mechanical methods applied to studying properties of SBR compounds containing ionic liquids

Maciejewska, Magdalena; Zaborski, Marian

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2017.05.041

Cited by 23 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The thermal decomposition of BA-MBT is a two-stage process, which began at 154°C (T 5% ). The first stage with a DTG peak temperature of 206°C was mainly related to the decomposition of the benzalkonium cation, since other ILs with this cation exhibit similar thermal stability [17]. During the second stage, thermal decomposition of the MBT anion proceeded in the temperature range of 240-300°C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This behavior may be related to the influence of BMpyrBF 4 on the dispersion of the filler and curatives in the elastomer matrix. ILs were reported to improve the dispersion of CB [6,14], or HTA [11] and, most importantly, the dispersion of curatives in the elastomers [6,17]. This effect is not so evident in the case of A380-filled NBR.…”

Section: Distribution Of Cross-links In the Elastomer Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ILs were applied to improve the activity of nanosized zinc oxide in the sulfur cross-linking of NBR and the dispersion degree of fillers in the elastomer matrix. ILs are thought to catalyze interfacial reactions; therefore, they can be assumed to play the same role in the cross-linking process [16,17]. Moreover, zinc oxide nanoparticles can be dispersed more homogeneously in the elastomer matrix when ILs are present [18], which increases their accessibility in reactions with accelerators and sulfur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal characterization of the effect of fillers and ionic liquids on the vulcanization and properties of acrylonitrile–butadiene elastomer

Maciejewska

Sowińska

2019

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Different thermal analysis techniques were used to study the effect of fillers and ionic liquids (ILs) on the vulcanization process, thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of acrylonitrile-butadiene elastomer (NBR). The products of the studies were composites of NBR filled with hydrotalcite, nanosized silica or carbon black. ILs such as 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium (BMpyrrolBF 4), 1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium (BMpyrBF 4) or 1-butyl-1-methylpiperidinium (BMpipBF 4) tetrafluoroborates were applied to improve the dispersion degree of the curatives and filler particles in the elastomer and to increase the efficiency of vulcanization. The differential scanning calorimetry results indicated that ILs reduced the vulcanization temperature of NBR compounds and increased the homogeneity of cross-link distribution in the elastomer network. NBRs filled with carbon black or silica exhibited similar thermal stabilities, whereas hydrotalcite reduced the temperature of thermal decomposition. The lowest mechanical loss factors were determined for vulcanizates filled with nanosized silica.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Distribution Of Cross-links In the Elastomer Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal characterization of the effect of fillers and ionic liquids on the vulcanization and properties of acrylonitrile–butadiene elastomer

Maciejewska

Sowińska

2019

J Therm Anal Calorim

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“…The improved dispersion of silica nanoparticles in the SBR elastomer was confirmed by Maciejewska and Zaborski [38] for ILs with benzalkonium or didecyldimethylammonium cations and saccharinate, acesulfame, or lactate anions, which contributed to a considerable increase in the mechanical properties of the SBR composites.…”

Section: Use Of Ils To Improve the Dispersion Of Solids In Elastomersmentioning

confidence: 62%

Applications of Ionic Liquids in Elastomeric Composites: A Review

Sowińska¹,

Maciejewska²

2018

Recent Advances in Ionic Liquids

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Ionic liquids (ILs) are organic salts that are liquid at ambient temperatures. ILs are considered a versatile class of chemicals because their properties can be easily tailored for specific applications. Due to their negligible vapor pressure, non-flammability, and thermal stability in the temperature range for preparation and processing of elastomeric composites, ILs are being used increasingly in the field of elastomer science and technology. In this review, the advantages of ILs as functional additives for elastomeric composites are discussed, with special emphasis on their use as dispersing agents for fillers, components of conducting rubber composites, crosslinkers or components of crosslinking systems.

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“…The hydrophobic trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride saturated with a concentrated aqueous hydrochloric acid solution was used to dissolve CaO, NiO, MnO, CoO, CuO, ZnO and Fe 3 O 4 . The action of ILs as catalysts of the phase transfer reactions is also known [33,34]. Moreover, ILs should contribute to improving the solubility and/or dispersion of ZnO and carbon black in the elastomer, which affects the course of cross-linking and mechanical properties of elastomers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal analysis applied to studying the influence of ionic liquids on the vulcanization, thermal stability and damping properties of ethylene-propylene-diene rubber

Sowińska

Maciejewska

2019

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The main aspect of the research was developing new systems for activating sulfur vulcanization of ethylene-propylenediene elastomer (EPDM) with greater activity than the micrometer zinc oxide that is traditionally used. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was applied to study the temperature and enthalpy of EPDM vulcanization. The range of vulcanization temperatures and the enthalpy of this process were determined. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed to characterize the effect of ILs on the thermal stability of vulcanizates. Dynamic mechanical analysis with tension deformation was used to study the influence of ILs on the loss factor (tan d) of EPDM determined as a function of temperature, which is a measure of the ability of the material to dampen vibration. DSC results indicated that ILs significantly reduced the onset temperature and enthalpy of EPDM vulcanization. The most active were alkylimidazolium chlorides, which eliminated the post-curing process. Owing to lower decomposition temperature compared to EPDM, ILs decreased the thermal stability of vulcanizates. On the other hand, ILs had no significant influence on damping properties of EPDM in the rubbery elastic region. Vulcanizates containing ILs exhibited stable dynamic properties at the temperatures of use.

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Thermal analysis and mechanical methods applied to studying properties of SBR compounds containing ionic liquids

Cited by 23 publications

References 32 publications

Thermal characterization of the effect of fillers and ionic liquids on the vulcanization and properties of acrylonitrile–butadiene elastomer

Thermal characterization of the effect of fillers and ionic liquids on the vulcanization and properties of acrylonitrile–butadiene elastomer

Applications of Ionic Liquids in Elastomeric Composites: A Review

Thermal analysis applied to studying the influence of ionic liquids on the vulcanization, thermal stability and damping properties of ethylene-propylene-diene rubber

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