Thermal Conductivity and Temperature Dependency of MR Fluids and Application Systems—A Chronologically Review

Abstract

Many studies on magnetorheological fluid (MRF) have been carried out over last three decades several salient advantages such as fast phase change, easy control of the yield stress and so forth. Especially, several review articles of MRF technology have been reported for last two decades summarizing the development of MRFs and their applications. As specific examples, the review articles including the optimization of the particles and carrier liquid to achieve minimum off-state viscosity and maximum yield stress at on-state, the formulation of many constitutive models in-cluding Casson model and Herschel-Bulkley (H-B) model, the sedimentation enhancement using additives and nanosized particles, many types of dampers for automotive suspension and civil structures, medical and rehabilitation devices, MRF polishing technology, the methods of mag-netic circuit design, and the synthesis of various controllers have been published. More recently, the effect of the temperature and thermal conductivity on the properties of MRFs and application systems are actively being investigated by several works. However, there is no review article on this issue so far despite of that the thermal problem is one of crucial factors to be seriously con-sidered for the development of advanced MRFs and commercial products of application systems. In this work, studies on the thermal conductivity and temperature in MRFs themselves and tem-perature-dependent application systems are reviewed, respectively, and principal results are summarized emphasizing on the followings: how to reduce the temperature effect on the field-dependent properties of MRFs and how to design application system to minimize the thermal effect. It is noted here that the review summary is organized in a chronological format using tables.

Spectral simulation of hydromagnetic flow with dissipative and radiative heat transfer over an inclined rotating disk within a non‐Darcy porous medium

“…The era of nanofluid and the concept of thermal cooling became prominent when Choi 1995 [1] developed nanofluid at Argemon National Laboratory which proved to be a better coolant than conventional liquids like kerosene, water. Nanofluids are colloidal suspensions of Nanoparticles such as 𝐴𝑙 2 𝑂 3 , CuO, 𝑇𝑖𝑂 2 Polyethylene and so forth., along with the base fluid like water, MO, oil, Engine oil.…”

Non‐similar analysis of chemically reactive bioconvective Casson nanofluid flow over an inclined stretching surface

“…Choi [1] became acquainted with the phrase "nanofluid," a new one in the field of nanotechnology, in 1995. By dispersing tiny metallic particles with a particular length of 1 − 100 𝑛𝑚, he demonstrated practically how significantly carrierthermal liquid's performance improves.…”

Inverse multiquadric kernel‐based neuro heuristic approach to analyze the unsteady MHD nanofluid flow via permeable elongating surface

“…Nanofluid is an amalgam of base fluid with nanometer-sized tiny particles (size < 10 −6 mm) and this theory was presented in 1995 by Choi [1]. Choi's theory has been used in various technologies together with solar collectors [2], coating processes [3], geothermic [4], automotive engine cooling [5], biophysics [6], drug delivery [7], crystal growth [8], and rocket propellant combustion [9].…”