Thermal destabilisation of bitumen-in-water emulsions – A spinning drop tensiometry study

Taylor, Spencer E.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2011.05.028

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Then, they arrange themselves to break the rigid film. As a result, coalescence of water droplets occurs. , Thus, the coalescence process of the emulsion begins to happen prior to the phase separation. Therefore, the amount of water separated from the emulsion for the synthesized and the commercial demulsifiers increases with time as shown in Table .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Step Synthesis of Amphiphilic Nonylphenol Polyethyleneimine for Demulsification of Water in Heavy Crude Oil Emulsions

2020

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The demulsification of water-in-heavy crude oil emulsion with water droplet size in the microscale has drawn great attention because of their high stability and difficulty of separation. In the present work, a series of ethylene amine-based demulsifiers were prepared in one step through the interaction of pentaethylene hexamine, tetraethylene pentamine, and triethylene tetramene with glycidyl 4-nonylphenyl ether. The amphiphilic polyethyleneimine (APEI) abbreviated as DNPA-6, DNPA-5, and DNPA-4 were prepared to adjust their hydrophile–lipophile balances (HLB) to meet the requirement of the demulsification. 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and FTIR spectra were utilized to verify their chemical structures. The surface properties and zeta potential were also investigated. Demulsifier dose, separation time, and HLB values were taken into account to evaluate the demulsification efficiency of the synthesized APEI. The results suggested that the prepared demulsifiers had high ability to reduce the surface and interfacial tensions and also broke successfully water-in-Arabian heavy crude oil emulsions. The demulsification efficiency of DNPA-5 reached 100% for crude oil/water emulsion (90/10 vol %).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Step Synthesis of Amphiphilic Nonylphenol Polyethyleneimine for Demulsification of Water in Heavy Crude Oil Emulsions

2020

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“…The effect of temperature on the demulsification of bitumen emulsions was investigated by Taylor et al who revealed that there was gradual breaking in the bitumen emulsion as the temperature of the phase approached the cloud point. It was also observed that the bitumen-water interfacial tension decreased as the heat increased and became smaller at the cloud point temperature [133]. Al-Sabagh et al [134] also studied the effect of heating on demulsification efficiency and showed that increasing the temperature to around 70 • C resulted in improved demulsification efficiency for the unbreakable asphaltenic emulsion.…”

Section: Thermal (Convectional and Microwave) Demulsificationmentioning

confidence: 97%

An Overview of Recent Advances in State-of-the-Art Techniques in the Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsions

et al. 2019

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The processing of crude oil often requires the extraction of a large amount of water. Frequently, crude oil is mixed with water to form water-in-crude oil emulsions as the result of factors such as high shear at the production wellhead and surface-active substances that are naturally present in crude oil. These emulsions are undesirable and require demulsification to remove the dispersed water and associated inorganic salts in order to meet production and transportation specifications. Additionally, the demulsification of these crude oil emulsions mitigates corrosion and catalyst poisoning and invariably maximizes the overall profitability of crude oil production. Recently, there has been growing research interest in developing workable solutions to the difficulties associated with transporting and refining crude oil emulsions and the restrictions on produced water discharge. Therefore, this paper reviews the recent research efforts on state-of-the-art demulsification techniques. First, an overview of crude oil emulsion types, formation, and stability is presented. Then, the parameters and mechanisms of emulsification formation and different demulsification techniques are extensively examined. It is worth noting that the efficiency of each of these techniques is dependent on the operating parameters and their interplay. Moreover, a more effective demulsification process could be attained by leveraging synergistic effects by combining one or more of these techniques. Finally, this literature review then culminates with propositions for future research. Therefore, the findings of this study can help for a better understanding of the formation and mechanisms of the various demulsification methods of crude oil to work on the development of green demulsifiers by different sources.

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“…Basically, the mechanism behind the effect of temperature on emulsion separation is that, at low temperature below the cloud point, the system was observed to poses micelles plus free surfactants that would stabilize the bitumen-water interface, but at elevated temperature the ethoxylated groups could be dehydrated, and consequently the hydrophilicity of the surfactants could be reduced, which means their tendency to dissolve in the continuous water phase would reduce, and eventually would causes the phase separation. although at high temperature, ethoxylate group have the tendency to dissolve in the oil phase, but in their study, they mentioned that the complex structure of the bitumen will hinder the ethoxylate group to dissolve in the bitumen (oil phae), so they would aggregate as separate phase letting the two phases to separate into pure bitumen and water [52]. Guohua and Gaohong have studied the freeze/thaw method, which involves the cooling of the sample to a very low temperature (below the freezing temperature -40 for exemple), then increase the temperature backward gradually.…”

Section: Thermal Demulsification Of Emulsionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…the experimental emulsion was stabilized by ethoxylated nonylphenol surfactant.Their results showed that, as the temperature of the system getting closer to the cloud point, emulsion could break gradually. Indeed, the bitumenwater interfacial tension was found to decrease with increasing temperature, and found to be very small at cloud point temperature [52]. Basically, the mechanism behind the effect of temperature on emulsion separation is that, at low temperature below the cloud point, the system was observed to poses micelles plus free surfactants that would stabilize the bitumen-water interface, but at elevated temperature the ethoxylated groups could be dehydrated, and consequently the hydrophilicity of the surfactants could be reduced, which means their tendency to dissolve in the continuous water phase would reduce, and eventually would causes the phase separation.…”

Section: Thermal Demulsification Of Emulsionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Fundamental Aspects of Petroleum Oil Emulsions and Techniques of Demulsification

Issaka¹

2015

J Pet Environ Biotechnol

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This review is aimed to introduce a comprehensive survey on the most prominent and sustainable techniques and methods that could abate the environmental worries as well as financial insecurities in treating petroleum emulsions, since the existence of water is not desired because of the paramount troubles it may cause on the processing streamlines, as well as financial cost associated with transporting water mixed with petroleum. Currently, the most commonly used method for treating petroleum emulsion is the application of chemical additives, known as demulsifiers. Althogh, there are many other methods that are claimed to be more favorable from economic and environmental perspectives, yet, have not being fully put into real life practice, because of the drawbacks and disadvantages. In this review, several techniques have been surveyed including, chemical, electrical, membrane, centrifuge, bacteria, air floatation, ultrasonic, and microwave. Based on this Theoretical survey, silcone based demulsifiers were reported to be very effective and environmental friendly, but expensive. Also microwave and ultrasonics were reported to be very effective in treating petroleum emulsion and could be recommended as future ulternatives for treating petroleum emulsions.

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Thermal destabilisation of bitumen-in-water emulsions – A spinning drop tensiometry study

Cited by 20 publications

References 36 publications

One-Step Synthesis of Amphiphilic Nonylphenol Polyethyleneimine for Demulsification of Water in Heavy Crude Oil Emulsions

One-Step Synthesis of Amphiphilic Nonylphenol Polyethyleneimine for Demulsification of Water in Heavy Crude Oil Emulsions

An Overview of Recent Advances in State-of-the-Art Techniques in the Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsions

Review on the Fundamental Aspects of Petroleum Oil Emulsions and Techniques of Demulsification

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