Thermal extraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry as a tool for analysing dioxin surrogates and precursors in fly ash

Tsytsik, Palina; Czech, Jan; Carleer, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2008.09.071

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The sorbate is analyzed by TD-GC/MS, as already described in DTE. The sample hangs in a shallow open cup from the balance shoulder inside the horizontal tubular housing of a 951 thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) (DuPont Instruments) (Tsytsik et al, 2007). The tubular housing is placed inside the temperature-controlled oven; a thermocouple close to the sample monitors its temperature.…”

Section: Indirect Thermal Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample is rapidly heated to the temperature desired and thermally desorbed for the programmed time period in a continuous flow of helium carrier gas (70 mL/min); the resulting effluent is cryofocused at À 8 C on graphitized carbon (cold trap) before subsequent GC/MS analysis. Operating conditions and validation of the TE technique have been described elsewhere (Tsytsik et al, 2008a(Tsytsik et al, , 2008b.…”

Section: Direct Thermal Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They do not pretend to explain the formation of TE products in detail, rather only to observe such formation under various experimental conditions. Laboratory scale de novo tests were earlier developed for evaluating dioxin formation from filter dust samples by monitoring carbon oxidation and the accompanying dioxin formation (Tsytsik et al, 2008a(Tsytsik et al, , 2008b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Development, testing, and validation of the analytical methods were already described elsewhere (Tsytsik et al, 2007(Tsytsik et al, , 2008a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Extraction of Dioxin Surrogates and Precursors from Filter Dust: Effects of Temperature, Time, and Matrix

Tsytsik

Czech

Carleer

et al. 2010

Environmental Engineering Science

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This study identified potential precursors and surrogates of dioxins during thermal extraction (TE) of a sooty filter dust in a wide range of operating conditions, mainly temperature (120 C-540 C) and time, during direct thermal extraction (DTE) in a dedicated commercial analyzer and indirect thermal extraction (ITE) in a thermobalance used as desorber. Using identical analytical techniques, DTE products were monitored in the range of 120 C-320 C, and ITE products were monitored in the range of 300 C-540 C. Emphasis was on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans potential precursors and surrogates: aromatic hydrocarbons as well as O, Cl, N, and S compounds. Aliphatic compounds were not monitored. Product distributions differ markedly between both TE techniques: matrix effects eliminate heteroatoms O, Cl, and N, rendering especially DTE less suitable for characterizing a complex sample. Effects of temperature and time were specific for each compound and tentatively explained by low-temperature desorption (up to 240 C) and progressive evolution of volatiles and their eventual decomposition on the matrix at higher temperature. The particular filter dust sample was selected due to its amount of volatiles and fixed carbon; it derived from a baghouse filter, cleaning off-gas from a clean aluminum scrap-melting furnace. TE results strongly diverged from those obtained by solvent-extractionbased analysis. Hence, TE cannot be recommended for analyzing complex samples. A second article compared de novo formation from samples precleaned by TE with raw samples. Such tests may differentiate between dioxin formation and carbonaceous matter (de novo route) from the precursor route involving sorbed organics. Results suggest that there is little or no resemblance between TE and de novo products. The novelty of these articles resides in monitoring numerous dioxin structurally related compounds during (1) TE under reducing conditions and (2) de novo tests in an airflow. The scope of these tests is exploratory and the results suggested strong influence of the matrix on the products evolved.

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Section: Indirect Thermal Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Direct Thermal Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Development, testing, and validation of the analytical methods were already described elsewhere (Tsytsik et al, 2007(Tsytsik et al, , 2008a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Thermal Extraction of Dioxin Surrogates and Precursors from Filter Dust: Effects of Temperature, Time, and Matrix

Tsytsik

Czech

Carleer

et al. 2010

Environmental Engineering Science

Self Cite

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“…Recently, high throughput analysis has been considered important in the development of new analytical methods. In particular, the sample pretreatment procedure is a crucial step for high throughput determination [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. There are many kinds of sample preparation procedures in the analytical process [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Determination of Residual Quinolones in Honey Samples by Fast HPLC with an On-Line Sample Pretreatment System

Du¹,

Yao²,

Li³

et al. 2011

AJAC

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A method of on-line pretreatment coupled to HPLC with fluorescence detection was developed and validated for the determination of nine quinolones in honey samples. This method simplified the complicated process of sample pretreatment and reduced sample treatment time. Recovery of the quinolones was between 92% -101% for spiked honey samples. The limit of detection was 0.22 -3.78 ng/mL (signal/noise ratio = 3). There was good linear correlation between HPLC peak area and concentration of the quinolones, with a linear range of 1.0 -100.0 ng/mL and correlation coefficients >0.9997. The method proposed was validated for detecting quinolones in honey samples.

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Current literature in mass spectrometry

2009

J. Mass Spectrom.

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In order to keep subscribers up‐to‐date with the latest developments in their field, John Wiley & Sons are providing a current awareness service in each issue of the journal. The bibliography contains newly published material in the field of mass spectrometry. Each bibliography is divided into 11 sections: 1 Reviews; 2 Instrumental Techniques & Methods; 3 Gas Phase Ion Chemistry; 4 Biology/Biochemistry: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins; Carbohydrates; Lipids; Nucleic Acids; 5 Pharmacology/Toxicology; 6 Natural Products; 7 Analysis of Organic Compounds; 8 Analysis of Inorganics/Organometallics; 9 Surface Analysis; 10 Environmental Analysis; 11 Elemental Analysis. Within each section, articles are listed in alphabetical order with respect to author

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Thermal extraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry as a tool for analysing dioxin surrogates and precursors in fly ash

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Thermal Extraction of Dioxin Surrogates and Precursors from Filter Dust: Effects of Temperature, Time, and Matrix

Thermal Extraction of Dioxin Surrogates and Precursors from Filter Dust: Effects of Temperature, Time, and Matrix

Rapid Determination of Residual Quinolones in Honey Samples by Fast HPLC with an On-Line Sample Pretreatment System

Current literature in mass spectrometry

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