Thermal Insulation and Sound Absorption Properties of Open-Cell Polyurethane Foams Modified with Bio-Polyol Based on Used Cooking Oil

Abstract

The main goal of this work was to evaluate the thermal insulation and sound absorption properties of open-cell rigid polyurethane foams synthesized with different contents of cooking oil-based polyol. The content of the applied bio-polyol as well as flame retardant (triethyl phosphate) in the foam formulation had a significant influence on the cellular structures of the materials. The open-cell polyurethane foams were characterized by apparent densities in the range 16–30 kg/m3. The sound absorption coefficients of the polyurethanes with various contents of bio-polyol were determined using the standing wave method (Kundt’s tube) in the frequency range of 100–6300 Hz. The effect of the content of the bio-polyol and flame retardant on the coefficient of thermal conductivity (at average temperatures of 0, 10 and 20 °C) as well as the compressive strength (at 20 and −10 °C) was analyzed. Different trends were observed in terms of the thermal insulation properties and sound absorption ability of the open-cell polyurethanes due to the addition of bio-polyol. In conclusion, it is necessary to use systems containing both petrochemical and bio-based raw materials.

Mechanically Strong Polyurethane Composites Reinforced with Montmorillonite-Modified Sage Filler (Salvia officinalis L.)

“…Currently, scientists around the world are focusing on the use of renewable resources in the production of polymeric materials, in line with the requirements of sustainable development [1][2][3]. New methods and the use of natural raw materials are designed to reduce the consumption of non-renewable resources and obtain new biomaterials [4][5][6][7].…”

Biobased Polyurethane Composite Foams Reinforced with Plum Stones and Silanized Plum Stones

“…The growing environmental requirements, the need to reduce the amount of polymer waste, and the principles of Sustainable Development have influenced the research on modern modifiers obtained from natural, renewable sources [ 21 ]. In recent years, one of the most frequently used bioadditives in the process of obtaining polyurethanes are materials of plant origin, used both as biopolyols and biofillers [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Many researchers have investigated the use of various cellulosic and lignocellulosic bioadditives such as bamboo leaves [ 28 ], wood powder [ 29 ], fruit fibers and stones [ 30 , 31 ], nutshells [ 32 , 33 ], hemp and flax fibers [ 34 ], and many more.…”

Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Adhesive Bonds in a Mineral Wool-Based External Thermal Insulation Composite System for Timber Frame Buildings

“…The structure, especially cell size and type, depends on the process parameters such as temperature, humidity and viscosity of mixture during foaming [ 40 , 46 , 47 ]. In general, foam’s physical and mechanical properties depend not only on the rigidity of the polymer matrix but are also related to the cellular structures [ 36 , 40 ]. The closed cells’ size and shape are essential parameters of the foam’s cellular structure, directly affecting the polyurethane foam’s mechanical properties [ 36 ].…”

“…In general, foam’s physical and mechanical properties depend not only on the rigidity of the polymer matrix but are also related to the cellular structures [ 36 , 40 ]. The closed cells’ size and shape are essential parameters of the foam’s cellular structure, directly affecting the polyurethane foam’s mechanical properties [ 36 ].…”

“…The bond strength of polyurethane adhesives in EPS-based ETICS achieved at least 80 kPa [ 5 , 6 , 9 , 10 ]. In general, the physical and mechanical properties of polyurethane foam, including polyurethane adhesives, are closely related not only to the rigidity of the polymer matrix but also to the size of the cells and their structure [ 10 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. Structures with larger cells are characterised by lower apparent density and lower mechanical properties [ 37 , 38 ].…”