Thermal plasma technology for radioactive waste treatment: a review

Prado, Eduardo Sant’Ana Petraconi; Miranda, Felipe; Araujo, Leandro Goulart de; Filho, Gilberto Petraconi; Baldan, Maurício Ribeiro

doi:10.1007/s10967-020-07269-4

Cited by 37 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Plasmas may 'activate' processes on surfaces or even activate drugs [694,695]. Plasma waste remediation and waste treatment [696] requires a detailed knowledge of plasma surface interactions including with (and in) liquids and may be used even for radioactive waste [697]. However, to date there are no databases that focus on plasma interactions with such materials and there have been few studies to explore in detail the physico-chemical changes induced by plasmas across such a range of materials.…”

Section: Materials Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

2022 Review of Data-Driven Plasma Science

Archibald¹,

Asif²,

Becker³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Data science and technology offer transformative tools and methods to science. This review article highlights latest development and progress in the interdisciplinary field of data-driven plasma science (DDPS). A large amount of data and machine learning algorithms go hand in hand. Most plasma data, whether experimental, observational or computational, are generated or collected by machines today. It is now becoming impractical for humans to analyze all the data manually. Therefore, it is imperative to train machines to analyze and interpret (eventually) such data as intelligently as humans but far more efficiently in quantity. Despite the recent impressive progress in applications of data science to plasma science and technology, the emerging field of DDPS is still in its infancy. Fueled by some of the most challenging problems such as fusion energy, plasmaprocessing of materials, and fundamental understanding of the universe through observable plasma phenomena, it is expected that DDPS continues to benefit significantly from the interdisciplinary marriage between plasma science and data science into the foreseeable future. CONTENTSI. Introduction 6 II. Fundamental Data Science 6 A. Introduction 6 B. Data Reduction/Compression 7 C. Dimensional reduction and sparse modeling 8 D. ML-enhanced modeling and simulation 9 E. ML Hardware and integration with models 10 F. Workflow Automation 11 G. Uncertainty Quantification 12 H. Visualization and Data Understanding 13 I. ML Control Theory 15 III. Basic Plasma Physics and Laboratory Experiments A. Introduction B. Spectroscopy, imaging and tomography C. Sparse measurement and noise D. Synthetic instruments and data E. Experimental data visualization F. High-rep rate laser experiments G. Charged particle beams H. Control and Optimisation of Plasma Accelerator Experiments I. Dusty and complex plasmas J. Physics and machine learning K. Challenges and outlook 5 IV. Magnetic Confinement Fusion 36 A. Introduction 36 B. Data-Driven Physics Models 36 C. Optimizing experimental workflows with data-driven methods 37 D. Diagnostics and Fusion Data Streams 38 E. Prediction of Tokamak Disruption 39 F. Surrogate models of fusion plasma 40 G. Magnetic Fusion Energy Data Challenges and Solutions 41 H. Data Science for extreme scale simulation 43 I. Challenges and outlook 44 V. Inertial confinement fusion and high-energy-density physics 45 A. Introduction 45 B. Representation learning for multimodal data 45 C. Transfer learning for simulation and experimen 47 D. Uncertainty quantification and Bayesian inference 47 E. High-performance computing and simulation acceleration 49 F. Design exploration and optimization 49 G. Self-driving experimental facilities 51 H. Challenges and outlook 52 VI. Space and astronomical plasmas 52 A. Introduction 52 B. Space and ground instruments 53 C. Space weather prediction 55 D. Transfer learning to improve historic data 56 E. Surrogate models of fluid closures using machine learning 56 F. Magnetic reconnection 58 G. Challenges and outlook 60 VII. Plasma tec...

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Section: Materials Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

2022 Review of Data-Driven Plasma Science

Archibald¹,

Asif²,

Becker³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A exaustão dos gases de processo é feita através do flange (4). Um sistema de vazamento de escória (5) no fundo do reator permite o descarregamento de material fundido caso seja necessário. O reator foi fabricado em aço inoxidável e com paredes duplas refrigeradas com água, além de possuir revestimento interno de material refratário que constituem as paredes da câmara de reação.…”

Section: Materiais E Métodosunclassified

“…Considerando este fato, é necessário desenvolver novas metodologias para tratar estes rejeitos, a fim de se obter alguma redução de volume. Neste âmbito, entre as tecnologias promissoras para tratamento de rejeitos radioativos sólidos compactáveis está à tecnologia de plasma térmico [5].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estudo do processamento de rejeitos radioativos sólidos compactáveis por plasma térmico/ Study of compactable solid radioactive waste processing by thermal plasma

Prado¹,

Miranda²,

Rita³

et al. 2021

Braz. Ap. Sci. Rev.

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O uso de radioisótopos para as mais diversas finalidades tem se intensificado e destacado pelos benefícios que proporcionam. A geração de energia elétrica, a indústria, a agricultura, a medicina diagnóstica e terapêutica, são alguns exemplos. Porém, essas aplicações têm como desvantagem gerar rejeitos radioativos e estes requerem tratamento apropriado para deposição final. Neste âmbito, entre as tecnologias promissoras para o tratamento de rejeitos radioativos sólidos compactáveis, a utilização de plasma térmico para gerar uma descarga de arco transferido por meio de eletrodos de grafite se mostra uma tecnologia capaz de reduzir substancialmente a massa e o volume de rejeitos radioativos após expô-los a temperaturas superiores a 3.000ºC. Os resultados obtidos se mostraram bastante satisfatórios, alcançando aproximadamente 100% de redução em 30 min de processo. Esforços futuros devem ser empregados para maior confiabilidade do sistema, eliminação de radionuclídeos voláteis no efluente gasoso e otimização completa da operação.

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“…In the thermal plasma, the plasma is produced at high pressure wherewith all the gas particles are strongly ionized which result in ions, atoms, electrons, and neutral species retaining the same high temperature range of 4000 to 20,000 K (Ruj and Ghosh 2014 ). Due to its high temperature and energy density, thermal plasma has a highly destructive ability and is suitable in degrading various types of waste such as organic (Huang and Tang 2007 ), medical (Cai and Du 2021 ), electronic (Rath et al 2012 ), and radioactive wastes (Prado et al 2020 ). In addition to waste degradation, thermal plasma can also provide rapid quenching to keep some chemical materials in the metastable stage under ambient conditions to improve their modification or synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of atmospheric cold plasma in agricultural, medical, and bioprocessing industries

Lin

Khumsupan

Chou

et al. 2022

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) is a nonthermal technology that is extensively used in several industries. Within the scopes of engineering and biotechnology, some notable applications of ACP include waste management, material modification, medicine, and agriculture. Notwithstanding numerous applications, ACP still encounters a number of challenges such as diverse types of plasma generators and sizes, causing standardization challenges. This review focuses on the uses of ACP in engineering and biotechnology sectors in which the innovation can positively impact the operation process, enhance safety, and reduce cost. Additionally, its limitations are examined. Since ACP is still in its nascent stage, the review will also propose potential research opportunities that can help scientists gain more insights on the technology. Key points • ACP technology has been used in agriculture, medical, and bioprocessing industries. • Chemical study on the reactive species is crucial to produce function-specific ACP. • Different ACP devices and conditions still pose standardization problems.

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Thermal plasma technology for radioactive waste treatment: a review

Cited by 37 publications

References 52 publications

2022 Review of Data-Driven Plasma Science

2022 Review of Data-Driven Plasma Science

Estudo do processamento de rejeitos radioativos sólidos compactáveis por plasma térmico/ Study of compactable solid radioactive waste processing by thermal plasma

Applications of atmospheric cold plasma in agricultural, medical, and bioprocessing industries

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