Thermal Properties and Combustion-Related Problems Prediction of Agricultural Crop Residues

Qian, Xuejun; Xue, Jingwen; Yang, Yulai; Lee, Seong W.

doi:10.3390/en14154619

Cited by 47 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The thermal technology of biomass and municipal waste processing consists of three basic processes: pyrolysis, gasification and combustion. The most commonly used biomass and municipal waste utilization processes are their incineration in classic, fluid or rotary incineration plants or even cofiring biomass and fossil fuels [9][10][11][12][13]. Electric, microwave or plasma heating systems are also used.…”

Section: State-of-the-art Gasification Of Biomass and Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

Gasification of Densified Biomass (DB) and Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Using HTA/SG Technology

et al. 2021

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The necessity of economical and rational use of natural energy sources caused a rapid development of research on the possibilities of using non-conventional energy resources. Taking the above into account, a new technological process of thermochemical conversion of biomass and communal waste, commonly known as High Temperature Air/Steam Gasification (HTA/SG) and Multi-Staged Enthalpy Extraction Technology (HTAG-MEET), was developed. In relation to traditional techniques of gasification or combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, the presented concept is characterized by higher thermal efficiency of the process, low emission of harmful compounds of carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, dioxins, furans and heavy metals. The use of a high-temperature gasification factor causes an increased thermochemical decomposition of solid fuels, biomass and municipal waste into gaseous fuel (syngas), also with increased hydrogen content and Lower Calorific Value (LCV). In this study, the possibility of using a batch type reactor (countercurrent gasifier) was analyzed for gasification of biomass and municipal waste in terms of energy recovery and environmental protection. The proposed research topic was aimed at examining the possibility of using the thermal utilization of biomass and municipal waste through their high-temperature decomposition in the presence of air, a mixture of air and steam. The main goals of the research were achieved during the implementation of several parallel stages of the schedule, which included, primarily: (a) study of the possibility of using thermal utilization of biomass and municipal waste through their high-temperature gasification in the presence of air or a mixture of air and steam and, secondary (b) analytical and numerical modeling of high-temperature gasification of biomass and municipal waste with the use of ANSYS CFD Fluent 6.3 software. Selected results of the experimental and numerical studies are properly presented. The higher temperature gasification concept shows the capability of this technology for maximizing the gaseous product yield in an up-draft fixed bed gasifier. It was also observed that at a high temperature, steam addition contributed to the thermal conversion of biofuels to gas with higher production of hydrogen.

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Section: State-of-the-art Gasification Of Biomass and Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

Gasification of Densified Biomass (DB) and Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Using HTA/SG Technology

et al. 2021

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“…The higher heating value (HHV) indicates the total amount of heat released by the complete combustion of a specified amount of fuel. This parameter is one of the most critical fuel properties and can be used for the optimization of biomass fueled thermal energy [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Pyrolysis Process Applied to Waste Branches Biomass from Fruit Trees on the Calorific Value of the Biochar and Dust Explosivity

et al. 2021

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The article discusses the findings related to the calorific value as well as the explosion and combustion parameters of dust from the raw biomass of fruit trees, i.e., apple, cherry, and pear branches, and from biochars produced using this type of biomass during pyrolysis processes conducted under various conditions. The plant biomass was thermally processed at 400, 450, or 500 °C for a duration of 5, 10, or 15 min. The study aimed to identify the calorific value of the biomass obtained from waste produced in orchards and to estimate the explosion hazard during the processing of such materials and during the storage of the resulting solid fuels. Tests were conducted to assess the total contents of carbon, ash, nitrogen, hydrogen, and volatile substances as well as the calorific value. The findings show a significant effect of the thermal transformation of fruit tree branches on the calorific value of the biochars that were produced. It was found that the mean calorific value of all of the biochars was increased by 62.24% compared to the non-processed biomass. More specifically, the mean calorific values of the biochars produced from apple, cherry, and pear branches amounted to 27.90, 28.75, and 26.84 MJ kg−1, respectively. The maximum explosion pressure Pmax measured for the dust from the biomass and for the biochars was in the range 7.56–7.8 and 7.95–11.72 bar, respectively. The maximum rate of pressure rose over time (dp/dt)max in the case of the dust from the biomass, which was in the range of 274.77–284.97 bar s−1, and the dust from biochar amounted to 282.05–353.41 bar s−1. The explosion index Kst max measured for non-processed biomass and biochars was found to range from 74.46 to 77.23 and from 76.447 to 95.77 bar s−1, respectively. It was also shown that a change in the temperature and duration of the pyrolysis process affected the quality of the biochars that were obtained. The findings show that pyrolysis, as a method of plant biomass processing, positively affects the calorific value of the products and does not lead to an increased risk of explosion during the treatment and storage of such materials. It is necessary, however, to continue research on biomass processing in order to develop practices that adequately ensure safety during the production of novel fuels.

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“…These feedstocks include all materials of biological origin, such as manure, rendering waste and lignocellulosic biomass [4]. Most of these biomasses are available from agriculture, such as crops and residues (e.g., rice, corn, wheat, soybeans and algae), dedicated energy crops (e.g., switchgrass, miscanthus, fast-growing willow and poplar) [9] and animal waste (e.g., poultry litter and pig manure) [10]. From all these available types of biomass, willow is chosen for this study for two reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Carbon Footprint of Biochar from Willow Grown on Marginal Lands in Finland

et al. 2021

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Willow biochar can help to sequestrate carbon. However, biomasses should not be grown on arable lands, as it would increase competition with food production and lead to sustainability issues such as increased food prices and decreased food security. The purpose of this study is to calculate the carbon footprint (CF) of willow biochar in Finland and assess the greenhouse gas compensation potential of marginal lands if they are utilized for willow biochar production. The CF of willow biochar is inadequately assessed together with marginal lands in the literature. A cradle-to-grave Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of willow biochar was conducted. The results were then applied to assess the total CF of marginal lands. It was found that the CF of willow biochar is −1875 kgCO2eq t−1 of dry biochar. Grown on marginal lands in Finland, willow biochar could compensate 7.7% of yearly agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. On buffer zones, willow biochar could also compensate some of the emissions depending on the zone size. The results of the study support current findings of biochar as a carbon negative product. The study also indicates that willow biochar produced in marginal lands can be used to compensate agricultural greenhouse gas emissions to some extent.

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Thermal Properties and Combustion-Related Problems Prediction of Agricultural Crop Residues

Cited by 47 publications

References 41 publications

Gasification of Densified Biomass (DB) and Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Using HTA/SG Technology

Gasification of Densified Biomass (DB) and Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Using HTA/SG Technology

Effect of the Pyrolysis Process Applied to Waste Branches Biomass from Fruit Trees on the Calorific Value of the Biochar and Dust Explosivity

Assessing the Carbon Footprint of Biochar from Willow Grown on Marginal Lands in Finland

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