Thermal stability and spectroscopic study of Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped fluorophosphates glasses

Germanate glass for laser applications in ∼ 2.1 μm spectral region: A review

“…Some studies like in Ref. [ 25 ] have also reported enhanced ∼ 2.1 μm laser efficiency in a Yb 3+ /Ho 3+ co-doped phosphate glass using the similar approach of modifying the glass with fluoride. Overall, it is observed that the laser capability of silica glass can be slightly extended above 2.1 μm by modifying the glass composition to lower its phonon energy.…”

“… Glass material Measured lifetime (τ m - ms) R adiative lifetime (τ r - ms) Peak Absorption cross -section (cm 2 ) Peak Emission cross section (cm 2 ) QE = τ m × A r Ref. SPANK (silicate) (Ho 3+ ) 1.31 15.4 3.95 × 10 −21 3.05 × 10 −21 6% [ 16 ] SPKBEH 2 (silicate) Er 3+ /Ho 3+ 0.88 11.28 3.50 × 10 −21 8.00 × 10 −21 7.8% [ 43 ] SBL silicate glass (Ho 3+ /Yb 3+ ) not known 12.7 2.36 × 10 −21 5.05 × 10 −21 – [ 42 ] Yb 3+ /Ho 3+ : GPGN (germanate) 7.74 10.1 4.20 × 10 −21 4.20 × 10 −21 76% [ 54 ] Fluorophosphate 8.3 14.0 5.10 × 10 −21 5.50 × 10 −21 59.3% [ 25 ] ZBYA fluoride 12.1 12.6 – 3.50 × 10 −21 96% [ 46 ] …”

Concentration Dependent Improved Spectroscopic Characteristics and Near White Light Emission in Boro Phosphate Glasses Doped with Holmium

“…Mixed glass formers (MGFs) of alkaline and alkaline such as boro-phosphates [4,5], borosilicates [6,7], and telluro-phosphate [8,9] are thoroughly investigated since the structure of a glass that is formerly used for host-glass is accessible and, according to the study, provides favorable places for cations. Glasses with borosilicate have specific and enhanced qualities, including capacity to transmit UV-NIR, high clarity, mechanical strength, resistance to corrosion, strong chemical stability, high transitional glass temperature and low optical losses in the near and mid-infrared range [10,11]. The main subject of spectroscopic investigations on Ho 3+ -doped ternary glasses [4,11,12] were fluorescence characteristics of near-infrared and visible wavelength regions.…”