Thermodynamic prediction and experimental verification of optimal conditions for the growth of CuGa0,3In0,7Se2 thin films using close spaced vapor transport technique

CuIn0.7Ga0.3Se2 thin films’ properties grown by close-spaced vapor transport technique for second-generation solar cells

“…Using our CSVT [11][12][13][14], polycrystalline CIGS thin films with a thickness of about ~ 2 µm were deposited on two types of substrates; SLG and SLG/FTO. The principle of the CSVT is based on the achievement of a chemical reversible equilibrium and the transport in a gaseous phase.…”

“…Their grain size can be controlled by T s and iodine pressure in the quartz reactor. This process is done without secondary vacuum [11][12][13][14]. The surface morphology of the layers is studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) JEOL JSM-7001F.…”

“…In contrast, the close-spaced vapor transport technique (CSVT), using iodine as transport agent offers several advantages among them, simplicity and the possibility to use a large substrate with large surfaces. This method is of less cost since that, the elaboration of CIGS polycrystalline thin films is done without secondary vacuum [11][12][13][14].…”

Impedance spectroscopy of Cu2SnS3 material for photovoltaic applications

“…The copper tin sulfides compounds are also very useful in understanding and extending the basic physical concepts of the electrical conduction mechanisms involved in elemental and binary compound semiconductors. Moreover, continuing our earlier works on bulk [9][10] and also on thin films [11][12] ternary compounds, we investigated the electrical properties of the CTS compound by means of impedance spectroscopy using an alternating signal with voltage amplitude of 20 mV. Impedance spectroscopy (IS) is a non-destructive method that can correlate the structural and electrical characteristics of polycrystalline solids in a wide range of frequencies as a function of temperature [13].…”

Growing Cu2ZnSnS4 Thin Film at Low Temperature Using a New Improved Configuration of Close‐Distance CVD Technique

“…Indeed, this tool has demonstrated its efficiency in predicting the conditions to elaborate thin layers and the performance of desired solar cell structures. [23][24][25][26][27] This work investigates the feasibility of elaborating, at a relatively low temperature, CZTS thin films by a new configuration of the close-distance CVD technique without sulfurization or annealing, using a new design of the reactor. In order to save time and minimize the number of deposition trials, a thermodynamical study is carried out to predict the optimal operating conditions to grow good quality CZTS thin films.…”