Thermodynamics Characterization of Lung Carcinoma, Entropic Study and Metabolic Correlations

Abstract

In recent years, the use of dielectric spectroscopy as an investigation technique to determine the chemical–physical characteristics of biological materials has had a great increase. This study used the non-equilibrium thermodynamics with internal variables theory to test the potential pathological features of lung cancer. After a brief exploration of the dielectric polarization concept highlighting some aspects that were used, some thermodynamic functions were obtained as functions of the frequency, both for lung tumor cells and physiological ones. Variations in the intensity of values but not in the trend of the curves were observed and this was attributed to the perturbing field. The trend of this field explains the behavior of phenomena described by other functions, as related to the frequencies of the perturbing field. Compared to the physiological ones, the cancer cells appeared to be "more predisposed" to conserve their state as characterized by minor entropy production, probably because this helped cells to obtain the required adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from the minimum amount of nutrients.

Integrated analysis of clinical, bioelectrical and functional variables in newly diagnosed lung cancer adult patients: pilot study

“…Therefore, it becomes difficult to interpret NDLCAPs biophysical states (nonlinear and open systems) and establish a cause-effect relationships and possible prognosis of them. This may be explained because none of these variables are state variables (i.e., temperature, pressure, volume, entropy, Gibbs free energy, Helmholtz free energy, enthalpy, chemical potential) that describe the state of a dynamical system (open or not) [7,[36][37][38]. These state variables may be related with heat and work that make the human body in presence of a cancer type.…”

Correlation and principal component analysis of clinical, bioelectrical and functional variables in newly diagnosed lung cancer adult patients. Pilot study

“…Therefore, it becomes difficult to interpret NDLCAPs biophysical states (non-linear and open systems) and establish a cause-effect relationships and possible prognosis of them. This may be explained because none of these variables are state variables (i.e., temperature, pressure, volume, entropy, Gibbs free energy, Helmholtz free energy, enthalpy, chemical potential) that describe the state of a dynamical system (open or not)[7,[29][30][31]. These state variables may be related with heat and work that make the human body in presence of a cancer type.…”